| 李平,郎漫,李煜姗,李倩文,吴嘉晨,杨帆,白昕欣.不同施肥处理对黑土硝化作用和矿化作用的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(7):1326-1332. |
| 不同施肥处理对黑土硝化作用和矿化作用的影响 |
| Effects of Different Fertilization on Nitrification and Mineralization in Black Soil |
| 投稿时间：2015-01-27 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2015.07.014 |
| 中文关键词: 硝化作用 矿化作用 猪粪 秸秆 氮 |
| 英文关键词: nitrification mineralization pig manure straw nitrogen |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41301345,41101284);中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室开放基金项目(SEPR2014-06);江苏省高校自然科学研究计划项目(12KJB210004);国家留学基金项目(201409040013);江苏省政府留学奖学金项目;江苏省高等学校大学生实践创新训练计划项目(201310300095X) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李平 | 南京信息工程大学, 江苏省农业气象重点实验室, 南京 210044
中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所), 南京 210008 | | | 郎漫 | 南京信息工程大学, 江苏省农业气象重点实验室, 南京 210044
南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044 | mlang@nuist.edu.cn | | 李煜姗 | 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044 | | | 李倩文 | 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044 | | | 吴嘉晨 | 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044 | | | 杨帆 | 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044 | | | 白昕欣 | 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过室内培养试验,研究了不同施肥处理对黑土硝化作用和矿化作用的影响。结果表明,与不施肥对照处理相比,施用氮肥显著促进了硝化作用的进行,但抑制了培养初期的氮素矿化作用,培养期间施氮处理的平均净硝化速率为4.21 mg NO3--N·kg-1·d-1,是对照处理的2.38倍;平均净矿化速率为1.18 mg N·kg-1·d-1,与对照处理没有显著差异。与对照处理相比,在施用氮肥的基础上配施猪粪进一步促进了土壤有机氮的矿化作用和硝化作用,培养期间的平均净硝化速率为8.14 mg NO3--N·kg-1·d-1,分别为对照处理和单施氮肥处理的4.59、1.93倍;平均净矿化速率为3.69 mg N·kg-1·d-1,是单施氮肥处理的3.12倍。与单施氮肥处理相比,氮肥配施秸秆处理显著抑制了硝化作用,平均净硝化速率下降62.7%,但与对照处理相比没有显著差异。氮肥配施秸秆处理的净氮矿化量在整个培养期间都是负值,平均净氮矿化速率为-1.62 mg N·kg-1·d-1,说明添加秸秆促进了土壤无机氮的同化。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to study the effects of different fertilization on nitrification and organic N mineralization in black soil. Application of chemical N fertilizer increased nitrification, as compared with the non-fertilizer control, but tended to inhibit organic N mineralization during the initial period. The average net nitrification rate was 4.21 mg NO3--N·kg-1·d-1, 2.38 times that of the control. The average mineralization rate was 1.18 mg N·kg-1·d-1, with no significant difference from the control. Combined application of N fertilizer and pig manure further promoted both nitrification and organic N mineralization, with the average net nitrification rate of 8.14 mg NO3--N·kg-1·d-1 and average mineralization rate of 3.69 mg N·kg-1·d-1, which was respectively 1.93 and 3.12 times those of the chemical N fertilizer treatment. In chemical N fertilizer plus straw treatment, the average net nitrification rate was 62.7% lower than that in the N fertilizer treatment, but was not significantly different from the control treatment. However, the amount of net mineralized N was less than 0, with the average net mineralization rate of -1.62 mg N·kg-1·d-1 in combined N fertilizer and straw treatment, indicating that addition of straw into soil promoted the immobilization of inorganic N. These findings would be useful for better applying chemical fertilizer and crop residues to soils. |
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