| 江滔,李国学,唐琼,马旭光,王钢.腐熟堆肥筛上粗颗粒对堆肥化过程中温室气体排放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(7):1363-1370. |
| 腐熟堆肥筛上粗颗粒对堆肥化过程中温室气体排放的影响 |
| Effect of Adding Coarse Materials from Matured Compost on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Organic Wastes During Composting |
| 投稿时间：2015-03-06 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2015.07.019 |
| 中文关键词: 温室气体 氨气 粗颗粒 腐熟堆肥 堆肥 |
| 英文关键词: greenhouse gas ammonia composted coarse material matured compost composting |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(41201282);十二五科技支撑项目(2012BAD14B01/18);乐山师范学院基金(Z1159) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以猪粪和玉米秸秆按湿重7:1混合为原料,研究腐熟堆肥粗颗粒在堆肥化过程中减排温室气体作用。试验在1.2 m3发酵仓中进行,采用自然通风,每周翻堆一次,设混匀、覆盖、覆混、对照4种处理。试验结果表明:混匀处理能提高堆体的通气性能,提高堆肥产品的腐熟度,同时降低CH4排放41.8%,但不能显著降低NH3排放。覆盖处理能降低NH3排放49.1%;腐熟堆肥覆盖层具有CH4氧化能力,降低CH4排放67.4%。覆混处理既能在堆肥翻堆前降低氨气排放(22.7%),又能在堆肥翻堆后减低甲烷排放(46.6%)。同对照相比,混匀和覆混处理分别减少N2O排放35.7%和74.1%。腐熟堆肥粗颗粒中含有大量亚硝酸盐氧化菌,混入堆肥后可促使亚硝酸盐向硝酸盐的转化,减少通过反硝化途径产生N2O,但是在堆肥初期将促进硝化途径产生N2O。堆肥结束后,覆盖、混匀、覆混处理的总温室气体排放分别下降35.2%、50.4%和58.1%。覆混处理因其操作便捷性、良好的减排效果,可以在实际生产中推广应用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Greenhouse gas emissions often occur during organic waste composting. However, covering the wastes with matured composts may reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In the present study, a mixed material of pig feces and corn stalks(7:1 by wet weight) were composted in 1.2 m3 rotting boxes for 70 d(turned weekly) to examine the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by adding coarse materials from matured compost(CMMC). The composted coarse materials were applied in 3 different ways:surface covering, mixture with composting materials, and surface covering plus mixture with composting materials at the first turning, with no CMMC addition as a control(CK). Results showed that surface covering with CMMC reduced NH3 emissions by 49.1%, compared with CK. The total NH3 losses were 6.1% and 22.7% lower in the mixture and covering-mixture treatments than that of CK, respectively. In the mixture and covering-mixture treatments, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in CMMC oxidized NO-2-N to NO3--N, reducing denitrification and in turn N2O production significantly. At the end of the experiment, the total N2O losses were 35.7% and 74.1% lower in the covering-mixture and mixture treatments than in CK treatment, respectively. The covering treatment decreased CH4 emissions by 67.4, due to the oxidation in the surface layer. The CH4 emissions also reduced by 41.8% in the mixture treatment, maybe own to reduced anaerobic zones. Together, CMMC surface covering, mixture and covering-mixture treatments reduced total GHG emissions by 35.2%, 50.4% and 58.1% over the control, respectively. These findings indicate that covering-mixture with coarse material from matured compost could be applied to reduce the secondary pollution from organic waste composting. |
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