| 张玉冬,张红玉,顾军,王继红.通风量对厨余垃圾堆肥过程中H2S和NH3排放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(7):1371-1377. |
| 通风量对厨余垃圾堆肥过程中H2S和NH3排放的影响 |
| Influence of Ventilation on H2S and NH3 Emissions During Kitchen Waste Compositing |
| 投稿时间：2015-02-03 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2015.07.020 |
| 中文关键词: 厨余垃圾 堆肥 通风量 硫化氢 氨气 |
| 英文关键词: kitchen waste composting ventilation hydrogen sulfide ammonia |
| 基金项目:北京市自然科学基金资助项目(8144050);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAC15B04);吉林省科技厅项目(20100431) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 厨余垃圾堆肥过程中H2S和NH3的排放不但会引发臭气污染,而且会降低堆肥产品的养分含量。通风量是影响这2种恶臭气体排放的重要因素。以大类粗分后的厨余垃圾为研究对象,玉米秸秆作为调理剂,设置4个水平的通风量,分别为每立方米物料0.5、1.0、2.2、3.2 m3·h-1,研究通风量对厨余垃圾堆肥过程中H2S和NH3 排放的影响。结果表明,4个处理均满足无害化和堆肥腐熟的要求,NH3的排放量随通风量的增加而增加,H2S的排放量随通风量的增加而减少,但过大的通风量会增加H2S的吹脱,使其排放量增大。综合厨余垃圾堆肥的无害化指标、H2S和NH3的排放以及最终堆肥产品的毒性检验结果,实验条件下每立方米物料的通风量为2.2 m3·h-1的持续通风处理,既能有效控制H2S和NH3的排放,又能保证堆肥的无害化和堆肥产品的腐熟。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Waste composting has been considered as a safe and efficient measure to dispose kitchen waste in recent years. Kitchen waste composting would produce a great quantity of H2S and NH3. To reduce emissions of H2S and NH3, a composting experiment was carried out with kitchen waste and corn stalk as materials under aerobic conditions to investigate H2S and NH3 emissions from kitchen waste under different ventilation rates marked T1, T2, T3 and T4(0.5,1.0,2.2 and 3.2 m3·m-3 material·h-1). Temperature, O2, H2S, NH3, GI, EC, TOC, and TN were monitored during composting. During 30 days of composting, cumulative emissions of H2S in T1, T2, T3 and T4 were respectively 103.17, 54.10, 35.58 and 44.38 mg·kg-1 DM. Compared with T1, H2S emissions were reduced by 47.6%, 65.5% and 57.0% for T2, T3, and T4, respectively. Cumulative emissions of NH3 during 30 days were 14.79、406.50、1475.63 and 2274.35 mg·kg-1 DM for T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. These findings show that H2S emissions decrease with increasing ventilation within a certain range. The emissions of NH3 increase with ventilation rates. Taking into comprehensive consideration of non-hazard index, H2S and NH3 emissions, and compost toxicity test, it is recommended that an optimized method for composting kitchen waste would be 85:15 of kitchen waste to stalk ratio and 2.2 m3·m-3 material·h-1 of ventilation rate. |
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