| 谢运球,玉宏,裴建国,陈羽.桂林寨底地下河农业系统氮流失估算[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(10):1979-1984. |
| 桂林寨底地下河农业系统氮流失估算 |
| Nitrogen Losses of Zhaidi Underground River Agricultural System in Eastern Guilin |
| 投稿时间：2015-04-17 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2015.10.020 |
| 中文关键词: 寨底地下河 氮流失 硝酸盐 氨挥发 |
| 英文关键词: Zhaidi underground river N loss nitrate ammonia volatilization |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑项目之课题"漓江流域面源污染控制与水土流失治理技术研究和示范"(2012BAC16B02);中国地质调查局项目"西南岩溶地下水污染调查评价"(1212011121164);广西自然科学基金项目"典型岩溶坡面土壤渗流水的氮磷特征及其环境响应"(2013GXNSFBA019220) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为评价岩溶区面源污染对漓江的影响,通过对地下径流、氨挥发和农产品等途径输出氮的计算,估算了桂林寨底地下河农业系统氮流失量.结果表明,寨底地下河农业系统年流失氮1.03×105 kg,其中地下河水土流失损失氮4.37×104 kg,氨挥发逸失氮3.91×104 kg,农产品输出氮2.06×104 kg.随地下河水流失的溶解态氮为2.62×104 kg,且其中99%为硝态氮,比30年前增加了约8倍,而泥沙吸附态氮为1.75×104 kg;地下河水土流失损失氮90%以上出现在雨季,且上半年以化肥源氮为主.受石灰土酸碱度的影响,56.5%氨挥发主要发生在稻田.鲜桃输出了农产品中39.8%的氮,这是系统内大力发展桃种植产业的结果.该系统流失氮的80%最终以水溶态、气态进入地表水和大气环境,因而加剧了漓江的环境压力. |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to evaluate non-point pollution of agriculture in karstic area, nitrogen losses via subterranean runoff, ammonia volatilization and farm product exports were estimated in Zhaidi karst underground river agricultural systems in Lijiang River watershed situated in Guilin City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Results showed that 1.03×105 kg of nitrogen was lost every year in Zhaidi karst underground river agricultural ecosystem. Of which 4.37 ×104 kg N was removed through soil and water loss of underground river, 3.91×104 kg N escaped by ammonia volatilization, and 2.06× 104 kg N output as farm products. Soluble N, with 99% of NO-3-N, amounted to 2.62×104 kg, 8 times more than 30 years ago. Sediment-adsorbed N was 1.75×104 kg. More than 90% of N losses via water and soil occurred in rainy days, which was mostly caused by chemical fertilizer N in the first half year and by the excreta of animal and human(including manure) or sewage mixed with dung in the second half year. Fresh peach fruits exported 39.8% of N outputs of agricultural produce. Rice field contributed to 56.5% of ammonia volatilization, which was caused by high pH of calcareous soil. Therefore, about 80% of lost N in Zhaidi karst underground river agricultural system entered into surface water and atmospheric environment through water-soluble and gaseous forms, increasing environmental pressure on the Lijiang River. |
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