| 王峰,陈玉真,吴志丹,江福英,翁伯琦,尤志明.酸性茶园土壤氨挥发及其影响因素研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(4):808-816. |
| 酸性茶园土壤氨挥发及其影响因素研究 |
| Ammonia volatilization and its influencing factors in tea garden soils |
| 投稿时间：2015-09-16 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016.04.027 |
| 中文关键词: 茶园土壤 施氮量 施氮时期 氨挥发 影响因素分析 |
| 英文关键词: acid tea garden soil N application rate N-application time nitrogen volatilization association analysis |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD15B01);福建省公益类科研院所专项(2014R1012-10,2015R1012-5);国家茶产业体系宁德站(CARS-23) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王峰 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所, 福建 福安 355015
福建省红壤山地农业生态过程重点实验室, 福州 350013 | | | 陈玉真 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所, 福建 福安 355015
福建省红壤山地农业生态过程重点实验室, 福州 350013 | | | 吴志丹 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所, 福建 福安 355015
福建省红壤山地农业生态过程重点实验室, 福州 350013 | | | 江福英 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所, 福建 福安 355015
福建省红壤山地农业生态过程重点实验室, 福州 350013 | | | 翁伯琦 | 福建省红壤山地农业生态过程重点实验室, 福州 350013 | | | 尤志明 | 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所, 福建 福安 355015
福建省红壤山地农业生态过程重点实验室, 福州 350013 | 847842412@qq.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 氨挥发是土壤氮素损失的主要途径之一。利用大型水泥槽田间试验,采用通气法研究了不同施氮量和施氮时期对茶园土壤氨挥发的影响,同时测定土壤铵态氮和硝态氮含量,结合气象因子进行偏相关分析,探讨了氨挥发的影响因素。设置CK(未施氮)、N1(减量化施氮、225 kg·hm-2)和N2(常规施氮,450 kg·hm-2)共3个处理,春季追肥、秋季追肥和冬季基肥比例为3颐3颐4。结果表明:茶园土壤氨挥发损失量为13.01~60.85 kg·hm-2,氨挥发损失率为10.63%~12.42%;施氮既是氨挥发峰值出现的主要原因,也能显著增加土壤氨挥发量(P<0.05),N1和N2处理增幅分别为214.78%和367.72%,其增幅效应在冬季基肥期更显著;不同施氮时期对氨挥发量影响很大,冬季基肥期挥发量约占全年氨挥发损失量的50%,与冬季基肥期间土壤铵态氮浓度高且持续时间较长有关。偏相关分析表明,土壤氨挥发与铵态氮含量、地温和空气相对湿度呈显著或极显著正相关,与土壤水分和气温呈极显著负相关,与土壤硝态氮含量相关性不显著。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Ammonia(NH3) volatilization is a main pathway of nitrogen loss in tea garden soils. In situ experiments using cement tanks combined with venting approach were conducted to study the effects of rates and time of nitrogen applications on ammoina volatilization in acid tea gardens. The experiment included three nitrogen treatments, i.e. CK(control, no N application), N1(reducing N fertilization, 225 kg·hm-2) and N2(traditional nitrogen rate, 450 kg·hm-2). The nitrogen was applied at three times as top dressing in spring, top dressing in autumn and basal dressing in winter at a proportion of 3:3:4. Soil NH4+-N and NO3--N content was analyzed and also correlated with climatic factors. Results showed that total NH3-N volatilization losses varied from 13.01 to 60.85 kg·hm-2. The percentages of lost NH3-N to the total amount of N applied ranged from 10.63% to 12.42%. Compared with the CK, NH3-N volatilization losses were 214.78% and 367.72% higher in N1 and N2 treatments, respectively. The NH3-N volatilization also varied significantly among application stages, with more NH3-N volatilization losses in winter basal dressing than in spring or autumn top dressing. About 50% of total N was lost via volatilization in winter basal dressing, possibly attributable to high NH +4-N content over a longer time period in soils. Partial correlation analysis showed that nitrogen volatilization was significantly positively correlated with NH4+-N content in soils, soil temperature, and air relative humidity, but negatively with soil moisture and air temperature. No correlation was found between nitrogen volatilization and soil NO3--N content. |
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