| 黄志伟,曾凡棠,石雷,林澍,房怀阳,刘跃丹.东江流域不同地类非点源污染排放特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(5):940-946. |
| 东江流域不同地类非点源污染排放特征 |
| Characteristics of non-point source pollutant discharges from different types of land use in Dongjiang River Basin |
| 投稿时间：2016-01-13 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016.05.018 |
| 中文关键词: 非点源污染 流域 土地利用类型 初期冲刷现象 |
| 英文关键词: non-point source pollution basin land use type first flush effect |
| 基金项目:国家科技重大专项:东江流域饮用水源型河流水质安全保障技术集成与综合示范(2014ZX07206005);广东省公益研究与能力建设专项(2015A020216011);广州市科技计划项目(201510010294) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以东江流域为研究对象,选取不同土地利用类型小区进行野外径流场试验,研究自然降雨过程中不同地类常规污染物与典型重金属的非点源污染排放特征。结果表明,农业用地水质较差,是流域内的主要非点源,但公路重金属污染物也不容忽视。庭院、公路和菜地地表径流污染物浓度与径流量相关性显著,而水田与林地则相关性差,主要是由同一小区二次降雨间隔差别大与地面特性引起的。庭院SS与COD发生显著初期冲刷现象,TN、TP与重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn及As)初期冲刷不显著,公路、菜地、水田、林地,则大部分指标都发生了明显的初期冲刷现象,同时部分场次降雨中也会出现二次冲刷的现象。不同污染物的初期冲刷现象显著程度规律为SS> COD> Pb> TN> Zn> TP> Cu> As,常规污染物的初期效应比重金属显著,重金属的初期效应更易受到用地类型的影响;对比不同用地类型,则农用地更易发生初期冲刷现象,但公路径流中重金属污染物也存在显著初期冲刷现象。降雨量、降雨强度及二次降雨间隔是影响初期冲刷现象的显著因素。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Field studies were conducted to evaluate the discharge characteristics of nutrient pollutants and typical heavy metals in runoffs due to rainfall under different types of land use in Dongjiang River Basin. Results indicated that the runoff from agricultural land was the main non-point pollution source in Dongjiang River Basin, while the heavy metal emissions from highway could not be ignored. In courtyard, the first flush effect(FFE) was significant for suspended solids(SS) and chemical oxygen demand(COD), but insignificant for the contamination of total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorous(TP) and heavy metals(e.g., As, Cu, Pb and Zn). For traffic roads, vegetable field, paddy field, and woodland, however, FFEs were observed for most of the pollutants. The secondary flush effect was observed at the late stage of raining. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the correlation between pollution load and runoff flow was significant under the courtyards, traffic road and vegetable fields, but insignificant for the cropland and woodland, mainly due to the great difference in the rainfall interval and characteristics. The FFE was in order of SS> COD> Pb> TN> Zn> TP> Cu> As. In general, FFE was more obvious for the nutrient pollutants than for the heavy metals. Land use types greatly influenced heavy metals. Of different types of land use, FEE was the most observed in agricultural land. However, for traffic roads, FFEs were found mainly for heavy metals. In conclusion, rainfall quantity, rainfall intensity and rain interval are main factors influencing FFE. |
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