| 王永生,张爱平,刘汝亮,杨世琦,李存军.优化施氮对宁夏引黄灌区稻田CO2、CH4和N2O通量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(6):1218-1224. |
| 优化施氮对宁夏引黄灌区稻田CO2、CH4和N2O通量的影响 |
| Effects of optimized N fertilization on carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide fluxes in paddy fields in Yellow River water irrigation region of Ningxia |
| 投稿时间：2015-11-30 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016.06.027 |
| 中文关键词: 宁夏引黄灌区 优化施氮 土壤 温室气体 增温潜势 |
| 英文关键词: Yellow River water irrigation region of Ningxia optimized N fertilization soil greenhouse gas global warming potential |
| 基金项目:国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(201ZX07201-009);中央公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(BSRF201306) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王永生 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心, 北京 100097
国家农业信息化工程技术研究中心, 北京 100097 | | | 张爱平 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 农业部农业环境重点实验室, 农业清洁流域创新团队, 北京 100081 | apzhang0601@126.com | | 刘汝亮 | 宁夏农林科学院, 银川 750000 | | | 杨世琦 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 农业部农业环境重点实验室, 农业清洁流域创新团队, 北京 100081 | | | 李存军 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心, 北京 100097
国家农业信息化工程技术研究中心, 北京 100097 | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对宁夏引黄灌区稻田施氮严重过量现象,在宁夏引黄灌区的青铜峡稻田,采用静态箱-气相色谱法,通过田间试验研究常规施氮(N300)、优化施氮(N240)和不施氮(N0)对水稻不同生育期CO2、CH4和N2O通量以及稻田增温潜势(GWP)的影响。结果表明:CO2排放主要在水稻灌浆和成熟期,CH4排放主要发生在水稻孕穗期,而N2O排放关键期在水稻的分蘖和拔节期。与N0处理相比,施氮能显著增加稻田CO2、CH4和N2O排放通量以及稻田GWP;常规施氮处理中CO2、CH4和N2O的累积排放量分别为18 446.87、146.57 kg C·hm-2和2.93 kg N·hm-2;为期一年的优化施氮没有显著增加水稻生育期内稻田CO2排放,但使灌区稻田CH4和N2O排放分别显著降低了24.42%和36.28%。总的来看,为期一年的优化施氮使宁夏引黄灌区稻田GWP显著降低了26.70%。未来应结合土壤有机碳氮形态和含量变化以及土壤微生物技术,分析长期优化施氮对土壤温室气体通量的影响机制。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Excessive nitrogen(N) fertilizer application is a widespread practice in Yellow River water irrigation region of Ningxia. Previous studies have demonstrated that optimized N fertilization can not only improve rice yield but also reduce nitrogen leaching. However, there was little information available about the responses of soil greenhouse gas fluxes to optimized N fertilization in this region. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different N fertilization on carbon dioxide(CO2), methane(CH4) and nitrous oxide(N2O) fluxes and global warming potential(GWP) in paddy field in Yellow River water irrigation region of Ningxia, using static chamber technique and gas chromatography. Treatments included conventional N fertilization(N300), optimized N fertilization(N240) and no N fertilization(N0). Our results showed obvious differences in greenhouse gas fluxes during the rice growth period. Higher CO2 emissions appeared at filling and mature stages, but CH4 emissions mainly occurred at booting stage. However, the peak of N2O emissions was observed at tillering and elongation stages. Applying nitrogen significantly increased soil CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions and the global warming potential. During the experimental period, average CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes were 18 446.87 kg C·hm-2, 146.57 kg C·hm-2, and 2.93 kg N·hm-2, respectively. One-season optimized N fertilization did not affect CO2 emissions, but significantly reduced CH4 and N2O emissions by 24.42% and 36.28%, respectively, as compared with conventional N fertilization. Overall, our results indicate that the global warming potential of paddy field was significantly reduced by 26.70% by optimized N fertilization in Yellow River water irrigation region of Ningxia. Further research is needed to analyze the mechanisms of soil greenhouse gas fluxes under long-term optimized N fertilization by integrating the variations of soil organic carbon and N availability and soil microbiology methods. |
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