| 江雨倩,李虎,王艳丽,张婧,孙媛,王立刚,黄诚诚,张建峰.滴灌施肥对设施菜地N2O排放的影响及减排贡献[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(8):1616-1624. |
| 滴灌施肥对设施菜地N2O排放的影响及减排贡献 |
| Effects of fertigation on N2O emissions and their mitigation in greenhouse vegetable fields |
| 投稿时间：2016-01-22 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016-0109 |
| 中文关键词: 滴灌施肥 设施菜地 N2O排放 减排贡献 水肥利用效率 |
| 英文关键词: fertigation greenhouse vegetable N2O emission mitigation contribution water and fertilizer utilization |
| 基金项目:农业部“948”项目（2015-Z14）；国家自然科学青年基金项目（41201287） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2566 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以京郊典型设施菜地为研究对象，设置了农民习惯（FP）、水肥一体化（FPD）、优化水肥一体化（OPTD）和对照（CK）4个处理，采用静态箱-气相色谱法，分析了设施菜地N2O排放特征及其影响因素，评估了滴灌施肥对水氮利用效率的影响和N2O排放量的减排贡献。结果表明：N2O排放在施肥和灌溉事件后呈现出一段短而急促的排放峰，基肥期排放峰持续10 d左右，追肥持续时间为3～5 d，水肥一体化技术能降低N2O排放峰值和持续时间，N2O排放通量变化范围为-2.67～22.56 mg N·m-2·h-1；在保持作物产量的条件下，FPD、OPTD处理分别比FP处理减少N2O排放29.41%、32.63%，FPD处理的氮肥偏生产力和灌溉水利用效率比漫灌FP处理分别增加14.62%和43.54%。可见，在相同施氮量的条件下，改常规漫灌方式为滴灌，能降低设施菜地N2O排放29.4%，同时氮肥和灌溉水利用效率分别提高14.62%和43.54%，是未来设施菜地值得推荐的一种生产技术。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this paper, four treatments, i.e. control(CK), farmers' practice(FP), farmers' practice with drip irrigation(FPD), and optimal fertilization with drip irrigation(OPTD), were conducted in the suburbs of Beijing. FPD consisted of drip irrigation with fertilizers dissolved in the irrigation water. OPTD had the same fertigation but N fertilizer was reduced by 40%. Soil N2O fluxes were measured year round by static chambers. Soil temperature, moisture, and nitrate levels were monitored in parallel with N2O measurements for all plots. Finally, the effects of fertigation on water and fertilizer use efficiency and soil N2O emissions in this system were analyzed. Results indicated that the N2O emission fluxes in the treatments ranged from -2.67 mg N·m-2·h-1 to 22.56 mg N·m-2·h-1. Fertilization and irrigation were the major factors inducing N2O emission peaks for a certain time. The N2O emission peaks lasted for 10 days after basic fertilization, and for 3 to 5 days after additional fertilization. The fertigation management reduced N2O emission peaks and lasting time. Soil temperature was a significant factor affecting the N2O emissions in cucumber season. Compared with the FP treatment, FPD and OPTD reduced the annual N2O emissions by 29.41% and 32.63%, whereas FPD treatment increased the nitrogen partial productivity and irrigation water use efficiency by 14.62% and 43.54%, respectively. It is concluded that the fertigation management practice could not only increase water and fertilizer use efficiency, but also reduce N2O emissions while maintaining or increasing crop yields from the greenhouse vegetable system. |
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