| 许明敏,冯金侠,陈卫平,杨海水,刘建,卞新民,陆巍.秸秆集中沟埋还田对土壤氮素分布及微生物群落的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(10):1960-1967. |
| 秸秆集中沟埋还田对土壤氮素分布及微生物群落的影响 |
| Effects of ditch-buried straw return on nitrogen distribution and microbial community in the straw-soil interface |
| 投稿时间：2016-04-18 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016-0533 |
| 中文关键词: 秸秆沟埋还田 秸秆层 氮素分布 土壤微生物 |
| 英文关键词: ditch-buried straw returning straw layer nitrogen distribution soil microorganisms |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31400373）；南通市科技计划关键技术研究项目（MS22015040） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 秸秆集中沟埋还田（DB-SR）是一种新型土壤耕作方式，能够形成特殊的“秸秆层”结构。通过研究秸秆层及其界面土壤的氮素含量和微生物群落结构，以期阐明秸秆层对土壤氮素分布以及微生物群落的影响。设置秸秆沟埋还田深度为20 cm、40 cm以及对照（秸秆不还田）3个处理，测定秸秆层及其界面土层（±5 cm）的NH4+-N与NO3--N含量，分析微生物量碳（MBC）及群落结构特征。研究发现，“秸秆层”对氮素具有滞留作用，并能够持续60个月。在20 cm埋深下，秸秆层提高了其界面上下土层的MBC，但对多样性指数的影响不显著；在40 cm埋深下，水稻秸秆层界面土壤MBC随时间先减小后增大，多样性指数随时间延长而增加；小麦秸秆层界面土壤MBC随时间先增大后减小，多样性指数随时间先减小后增大。微生物群落碳源利用主成分分析表明，秸秆层微生物能很好地利用各类碳源，其界面土壤的微生物代谢活性也比CK处理有所提高。对应分析表明，小麦秸秆在20 cm埋深下，NH4+-N、NO3--N与界面土层微生物群落具有相关性，MBC与秸秆层微生物群落显著相关；在40 cm埋深下，NH4+-N、NO3--N和MBC与秸秆层微生物群落变异显著相关。综上可知，“秸秆层”能有效滞留氮素，减少土壤氮素淋失，增加土壤微生物群落功能多样性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Ditch-buried straw return(DB-SR) is a novel soil tillage practice which forms a special "straw layer" structure. In order to elaborate the role of straw layer on soil nitrogen distribution and microbial community, a field experiment was conducted under DB-SR with three burial depths(20 cm:DB-SR-20; 40 cm:DB-SR-40 and CK). NH4+-N, NO3--N, microbial biomass carbon(MBC) and community level physiological profile(CLPP) were determined in the straw layer and its interface soil layers under different treatments. Results showed that the structure of "straw layer" had positive effect on nitrogen retentions. In DB-SR-20, the straw layer increased MBC at the interface of straw layer, but no significant effect was found for the functional diversity. In DB-SR-40, MBC decreased at first and then increased at the interface of rice straw layer, but the pattern was reversed for wheat straw layer. Microbial diversity index(H) increased for rice straw but decreased at first and then increased for wheat straw layer over time. CLPP suggested that the microorganisms of straw layer could utilize various carbon sources, and their metabolic activity was higher than CK. In DB-SR-20 for wheat straws, NH4+-N and NO3--N were significantly related to variation of microbial community in the straw-soil interface, but MBC was correlated to the microbial community in the straw layers. In DB-SR-40, NH4+-N、NO3--N and MBC were significantly correlated to the variation of microbial communities in the straw layers. This study suggested that the "straw layer" could effectively increase soil N retention, and increase the functional diversity of soil microbial community. |
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