| 易琼,黄旭,张木,黄巧义,逄玉万,唐拴虎.氮肥施用水平及种类对生菜产量及菜地N2O排放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(10):2019-2025. |
| 氮肥施用水平及种类对生菜产量及菜地N2O排放的影响 |
| Effects of nitrogen application rate and sources on yield of lettuce and nitrous oxide emission in vegetable soil |
| 投稿时间：2016-04-07 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2016-0471 |
| 中文关键词: 生菜 氧化亚氮 施氮量 减排措施 排放系数 |
| 英文关键词: lettuce nitrous oxide nitrogen application rate emission reduction measure emission factor |
| 基金项目:广东省科技计划项目（2014A020208051，2014B090904068） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用静态箱-气相色谱法研究了氮肥施用水平及种类对生菜产量和土壤N2O排放的影响。试验设7个处理：不施氮肥（N0），施氮112.5 kg N·hm-2（N1），施氮225 kg N·hm-2（N2），施氮337.5 kg N·hm-2（N3），控释氮肥（CRU-N2），稳定性氮肥（SN-N2），有机无机氮肥配施（MN-N2）。对比研究了不同施氮水平和等氮量不同氮种类处理对N2O排放特征和生菜产量的影响。结果表明，随着氮肥用量的增加N2O排放通量增加。在试验条件下，生菜获得最高产量时的施氮量为125 kg N·hm-2，适量降低生菜施氮水平能有效降低N2O气体累积排放量。相同氮水平下，SN-N2与MN-N2处理较N2处理分别增产达13.3%和17.2%，但差异未达显著水平。SN-N2处理N2O排放总量和N2O排放系数仅为0.80 kg N·hm-2和0.36%，较常规施肥处理分别降低了84.8%和1.97个百分点。综上，在不降低生菜产量的前提下，优化氮肥施用水平并采用稳定性氮肥技术是菜地N2O减排和减少蔬菜种植氮素损失的重要途径。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Closed-chamber technology with gas chromatography method was used to study the effects of different nitrogen(N) application rates and sources on the yield of lettuce and nitrous oxide(N2O) emissions from vegetable soil. Seven treatments were including zero N fertilization(N0), 112.5 kg N·hm-2(N1), 225 kg N·hm-2(N2, conventional fertilization), 337.5 kg N·hm-2(N3), controlled release urea(CRU-N2), stability N fertilizer(SN-N2), integrate chemical and manure N fertilizer(MN-N2). The effects of different N levels and N sources with the same amount of N on characteristics of N2O emission, yield of lettuce were comparatively studied. Results showed that the N2O emission fluxes increased with the increasing of nitrogen fertilizer application. The optimum N rate to obtain the maximum yield of lettuce was 125 kg N·hm-2. Reasonable reduction of N application rate could effectively reduced N2O accumulative emission. Under the same N level condition, yield of lettuce increased by 13.3% and 17.2% with SN-N2 and MN-N2 compared with N2, however, there were not significant differences(P>0.05) for yield of lettuce between SN-N2, MN-N2 and N2. The total seasonal emission of N2O and N2O emission factor(EF)of SN-N2 only was 0.80 kg N·hm-2 and 0.36%,which was 84.8% and 1.97 percent point reduction compared to N2. In conclusion, optimized N fertilization rate along with stability N fertilization technology without sacrificing vegetable output is an important approach for N2O reduction emission and reducing on N loss in vegetable field. |
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