| 于伟咏,漆雁斌,何悦,邓鑫.水稻灌溉用水效率和要素禀赋对化肥面源污染的影响——基于分位数回归的分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(7):1274-1284. |
| 水稻灌溉用水效率和要素禀赋对化肥面源污染的影响——基于分位数回归的分析 |
| The effect of rice irrigation efficiency and related factors on fertilizer non-point source pollution based on quantile regression |
| 投稿时间：2017-04-20 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2017-0586 |
| 中文关键词: 化肥面源污染 灌溉用水效率 生产方式 要素禀赋 分位数回归 |
| 英文关键词: fertilizer non-point source pollution irrigation water efficiency production mode factor endowments quantile regression |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金项目（14XGL003）；四川省农村发展研究中心青年项目（CR1624，CR1719） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过测度长江上游4省（市）797份样本户水稻灌溉用水效率和化肥面源污染量，基于分位数回归方法，深入分析灌溉用水效率、生产方式和农户要素禀赋对化肥面源污染的影响。研究表明，总体上灌溉总效率均值为0.14，纯技术效率均值为0.27，规模效率均值为0.55，水稻灌溉用水效率改进空间较大，规模化程度高的平原地区用水效率更高；灌溉用水效率与化肥施用量间存在显著替代效应，两者呈振幅增强的波动式发展；节水灌溉能够降低化肥面源污染，同时具有保肥效果；水旱轮作模式、耕作方式、秸秆还田方式对化肥面源污染存在影响，但未全部通过显著性检验；耕地细碎化、农业补贴和商品化率会增加化肥面源污染；年龄、受教育程度减轻化肥面源污染的临界点较高，政治参与程度对化肥面源污染影响不显著。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This article measures rice irrigation water-use efficiency and fertilizer non-point source pollution of 797 households across four provinces (municipalities) in the upper reaches of Yangtze river.It analyzed the effect of rice irrigation water-use efficiency,mode of production,and effects of other factors on fertilizer non-point source pollution based on quantile regression.The results show that the average irrigation efficiency of rice is 0.14,the average scale efficiency is 0.55,the average technical efficiency is 0.27,and the rice irrigation water efficiency improvement space is larger.A substitution effect between irrigation water-use efficiency and the amount of fertilizer applied exists,which enhances the amplitude of fluctuation.Water-saving irrigation methods can reduce fertilizer non-point source pollution and preserve fertilizers.Floods and droughts (FDD) rotation mode,farming methods,and straw counters-field ways have an effect on fertilizer non-point source pollution,although not all these effects were significant.Cultivated land and finely,agricultural subsidies and commercialization rate can increase non-point source fertilizer pollution.The critical point that age and education level reduced fertilizer non-poin source pollution is higher,but political participation has no significant effect. |
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