| 王艳杰,李法云,荣湘民,陈佳勃,石丽芳.生物质材料与营养物配施对石油污染土壤的修复[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(2):232-238. |
| 生物质材料与营养物配施对石油污染土壤的修复 |
| Remediation of petroleum-contaminated soils by combined application of biomass materials and nutrients |
| 投稿时间：2017-08-02 修订日期：2017-09-27 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2017-1058 |
| 中文关键词: 石油烃 生物炭 营养物 微生物 |
| 英文关键词: petroleum hydrocarbons biochar nutrients microorganisms |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（41571464）；辽宁省教育厅优秀人才项目（LR2015035） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究营养物质、玉米秸秆碎屑和生物炭材料对石油污染土壤修复效果的影响，对4个处理组修复后土壤理化性质、修复中和修复后土壤生物特征和石油烃类物质的去除率，以及上述指标的相关关系进行分析。结果表明：添加玉米秸秆碎屑和生物炭能够显著降低土壤容重，增加土壤孔隙度，并提高土壤田间持水量（P<0.05）。在石油污染土壤中添加营养物和两种疏松材料均能提高土壤中微生物数量，其中生物炭与营养物联合处理组效果最佳，修复90 d微生物数量达到7.24×107 CFU·g-1。修复后玉米秸秆碎屑与营养物联合处理组和生物炭与营养物联合处理组总石油烃和不同组分烃类物质明显减少，尤其是生物炭联合处理组，明显高于单独营养物处理组和对照组。土壤理化性质、微生物数量、石油烃去除率三者之间多呈显著相关，其中土壤孔隙度和总氮对微生物影响较大，微生物对石油烃类的去除作用明显。因此，添加生物炭材料并配施营养物质既可以改善土壤物理性质又能够为微生物提供充足的养分，进而增强石油污染土壤的修复效果。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To study the effects of nutrients, maize straw powder, and biochar on the remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil, four types of remediation treatments were performed in the laboratory. The treatments included unamended soil as the control treatment(T1), soil samples amended with nutrients(nitrogen and phosphorus)(T2), amended with maize straw powder in combination with nutrients(T3), and amended with biochar in combination with nutrients(T4). The remediation experiment was carried out for 90 days. The physicochemical properties of the bioremediated soil were measured after the different treatments. The total bacterial numbers and removal rates of petroleum hydrocarbons during different remediated periods were monitored. The correlation between characteristics of the bioremediated soil and removal rates of petroleum hydrocarbons was analyzed. The results showed that adding maize straw powder and biochar significantly decreased the bulk density of soil, and increased soil porosity and soil field capacity(P<0.05). The total bacterial numbers were increased by adding nutrients and bulk materials, especially in treatment group T4, where the total bacterial numbers reached 7.24×107 CFU·g-1 after 90 days. The removal of total petroleum hydrocarbons and the main hydrocarbon fractions was higher in T3 and T4 after remediation, especially in T4, than in T2 and T1. The physicochemical properties, total bacterial numbers, and removal rate of petroleum hydrocarbons showed significant correlation with each other. Soil porosity and total nitrogen had a great impact on microorganisms, and the effect of microbials on the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons was obvious. Therefore, the addition of biochar and nutrients can improve soil physical properties and provide sufficient nutrients for microorganisms, thereby enhancing the remediation effect of petroleum-contaminated soil. |
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