文章摘要
王灿,李虹茹,湛方栋,李想,李元,祖艳群,何永美,郭先华.UV-B辐射对元阳梯田稻田土壤活性有机碳含量与温室气体排放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(2):383-391.
UV-B辐射对元阳梯田稻田土壤活性有机碳含量与温室气体排放的影响
Effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on the content of soil active organic carbon and greenhouse gas emission from a rice paddy in Yuanyang Terraces
投稿时间:2017-08-02  修订日期:2017-10-16
DOI:10.11654/jaes.2017-1060
中文关键词: UV-B辐射  稻田  土壤碳转化  温室气体排放  大田试验
英文关键词: UV-B radiation  rice paddy  soil carbon transformation  greenhouse gas emission  field experiment
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41565010,31460141,41461117);云南省农田无公害生产科技创新团队项目(2017HC015)
作者单位E-mail
王灿 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201  
李虹茹 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201  
湛方栋 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201  
李想 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201  
李元 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201  
祖艳群 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201  
何永美 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201 heyongmei06@126.com 
郭先华 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 昆明 650201  
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中文摘要:
      大田原位条件下,种植元阳梯田地方水稻品种白脚老粳,研究UV-B辐射增强(0、5.0 kJ·m-2)对水稻生长期稻田土壤活性有机碳含量及其转化相关酶活性、温室气体排放量的影响,结果表明:UV-B辐射增强导致稻田土壤多酚氧化酶和蔗糖酶的活性显著降低,降幅为10%~17%;纤维素酶活性分蘖期和拔节期显著增加,分别增加了2.7 U·g-1和5.5 U·g-1。UV-B辐射增强显著降低水稻孕穗期、抽穗期和成熟期稻田土壤微生物量碳和易氧化有机碳的含量,降幅分别为10%~36%和9%~31.5%;增加拔节期、孕穗期和成熟期土壤溶解性有机碳的含量,分别增加了123.0、79.5 mg·kg-1和57.8 mg·kg-1。UV-B辐射增强显著降低水稻生长期稻田CH4的排放通量,降幅为23%~42%;但显著增加CO2和N2O的排放通量,分别平均增加418.9 mg·m-2·h-1和3.7 μg·m-2·h-1。相关分析发现,稻田土壤多酚氧化酶活性与微生物量碳、易氧化有机碳含量呈显著正相关,且土壤微生物量碳含量与CH4排放通量呈极显著正相关。因此,UV-B辐射通过改变稻田土壤碳转化酶活性与活性有机碳含量,进而影响稻田温室气体排放。
英文摘要:
      A local rice variety, Baijiaolaojing, was planted in situ in a rice paddy in Yuanyang Terraces. The effects of enhanced ultraviolet-B(UV-B) radiation at 0 and 5.0 kJ·m-2 on the contents of active organic carbon, activities of enzymes relevant to carbon transformation, and greenhouse gas emissions from the rice paddy during the rice-growing season were studied. The enhanced UV-B radiation resulted in significant decreases in the activities of polyphenol oxidase and sucrose enzymes by 10%~17%, and increases in the cellulose enzyme activities by 2.7 U·g-1 and 5.5 U·g-1 at the tillering and jointing stages. It also significantly decreased the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon and easily oxidized organic carbon by 10%~36% and 9%~31.5%, but increased the contents of soil organic carbon by 123.0, 79.5 mg·kg-1 and 57.8 mg·kg-1 at the booting, heading, and mature stages, respectively. In addition, the enhanced UV-B radiation significantly reduced the methane emission flux during the rice-growing season by 23%~42%. However, it increased the emission flux of carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide by 418.9 mg·m-2·h-1 and 3.77 μg·m-2·h-1, respectively. Furthermore, positive correlations were found between the activities of polyphenol oxidase enzyme with the contents of microbial biomass carbon as well as easily oxidized organic carbon, and between the content of microbial biomass carbon with the methane emission flux. Therefore, UV-B radiation can alter the activity of carbon invertase and the content of active organic carbon, and then affect greenhouse gas emissions from rice paddies.
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