| 李想,谢春梅,何永美,祖艳群,王灿,李虹茹,李元.UV-B辐射与稻瘟病菌复合胁迫对元阳梯田水稻生长和光合特性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(4):613-620. |
| UV-B辐射与稻瘟病菌复合胁迫对元阳梯田水稻生长和光合特性的影响 |
| Effects of complex UV-B radiation and Magnaporthe oryzae stresses on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of rice in Yuanyang Terrace, China |
| 投稿时间：2017-10-01 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2017-1525 |
| 中文关键词: UV-B辐射 稻瘟病菌 水稻生长 光合特性 病情指数 |
| 英文关键词: ultraviolet B radiation Magnaporthe oryzae rice growth photosynthetic characters disease index |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31460141，31760113，41565010）；云南省农田无公害生产创新团队（2017HC015） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李想 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 云南省农业环境污染控制与生态修复工程实验室, 昆明 650201 | | | 谢春梅 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 云南省农业环境污染控制与生态修复工程实验室, 昆明 650201 | | | 何永美 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 云南省农业环境污染控制与生态修复工程实验室, 昆明 650201 | | | 祖艳群 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 云南省农业环境污染控制与生态修复工程实验室, 昆明 650201 | | | 王灿 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 云南省农业环境污染控制与生态修复工程实验室, 昆明 650201 | | | 李虹茹 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 云南省农业环境污染控制与生态修复工程实验室, 昆明 650201 | | | 李元 | 云南农业大学资源与环境学院, 云南省农业环境污染控制与生态修复工程实验室, 昆明 650201 | liyuan@ynau.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为阐明UV-B辐射与稻瘟病菌复合胁迫对水稻生长的影响，通过在大田条件下，于元阳梯田稻田紫外辐射试验站种植当地传统稻种——白脚老粳，在水稻叶片不同感病时期（稻瘟病菌侵染前、侵染过程中、感病后）进行UV-B辐射（5.0 kJ·m-2）增强处理，研究UV-B辐射增强对水稻-稻瘟病菌互作体系中水稻生长和光合特性的影响，并结合稻瘟病的病情指数进行分析。结果表明：稻瘟病菌侵染前进行UV-B辐射（UV-B→菌）处理，显著抑制了水稻的株高、穗数、地上部分生物量和产量，叶绿素a和叶绿素b的含量显著增加，光化学淬灭系数（qP）显著升高，但光合作用受到抑制；稻瘟病菌侵染的同时进行UV-B辐射（UV-B/菌）处理，水稻在双重胁迫下生长受到抑制，光合速率与UV-B辐射处理差异不显著；感病后进行UV-B辐射（菌→UV-B）处理，水稻生长情况与自然光照条件下差异不显著，光合作用受到显著的抑制，qP显著降低，叶片非光化学淬灭系数（NPQ）显著升高；UV-B辐射显著降低水稻叶片稻瘟病病情指数，不同感病时期进行UV-B辐射处理，病情指数差异不显著。可见UV-B辐射与稻瘟病菌复合胁迫抑制水稻生长和光合作用，但稻瘟病的流行也受到抑制。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Rice blast is an important factor limiting rice production. The enhancement of UV-B radiation on the earth's surface affects the interaction system between rice and Magnaporthe oryzae(M.). In order to elucidate the effect of compound stress on rice growth, the traditional rice variety "Baijiaolaojing" was implanted in the rice field of the ultraviolet radiation test station of Yuanyang terrace under field conditions. The effect of enhanced UV-B radiation(5.0 kJ·m-2) during different infection periods(before, during, and after infection with rice blast fungus) of rice leaves on the growth and photosynthesis of rice in a rice-M. interaction system was studied through combining the disease indices of rice blast. The results showed the following:under enhanced UV-B radiation before M. infection(UV-B→M.), the plant height, spike number, overground biomass, and yield of rice were significantly inhibited; the contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, as well as the photochemical quenching coefficient(qP), increased significantly, but photosynthesis was inhibited. Under simultaneous enhanced UV-B radiation and M. infection(UV-B/M.), the growth of the rice was inhibited under double stress. The photosynthetic rate displayed no significant difference under UV-B radiation treatment. Under enhanced UV-B radiation after infection(M.→UV-B), the rice growth was not significantly different than that seen under natural light conditions, and photosynthesis was significantly inhibited; qP decreased significantly while non-photochemical quenching(NPQ) increased significantly. UV-B radiation could significantly reduce the rice blast disease index. There was no significant difference in the disease indices under enhanced UV-B radiation at different stages of the disease. It could be seen that rice growth and photosynthesis were inhibited by the compounded stress of UV-B radiation and M., but the prevalence of rice blast was also inhibited. |
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