| 唐峰华,张胜茂,吴祖立,崔雪森.北太平洋公海中心渔场海域放射性核素137Cs的生态环境监测与风险评估[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(4):680-687. |
| 北太平洋公海中心渔场海域放射性核素137Cs的生态环境监测与风险评估 |
| Ecological environment monitoring and risk assessment of radioactive element 137Cs in central fishing grounds of the North Pacific Ocean |
| 投稿时间：2017-09-29 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2017-1643 |
| 中文关键词: 北太平洋公海 中心渔场 核素 生态环境监测 风险评估 |
| 英文关键词: North Pacific high seas central fishing grounds nuclide ecological environment monitoring risk assessment |
| 基金项目:科技部"十二五"科技支撑计划项目（2013BAD13B01）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资助项目（2016Z01-03）；河口海岸学国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目（SKLEC201206） |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 唐峰华 | 农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室, 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所, 上海 200090
河口海岸学国家重点实验室, 华东师范大学, 上海 200062 | | 张胜茂 | 农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室, 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所, 上海 200090 | | 吴祖立 | 农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室, 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所, 上海 200090 | | 崔雪森 | 农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室, 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所, 上海 200090 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为合理开发北太平洋公海渔业资源并了解日本福岛核泄漏对公海渔业的影响，利用2011-2013年连续3年在北太平洋公海中心渔场采集的海洋生物样品，经济品种以巴特柔鱼（Ommastrephes bartramii）为主，采用γ谱仪进行检测放射性核素137Cs，开展核素在渔场中海洋生物体内的分布富集分析及其风险评估。研究结果显示：2011-2012年采集海洋生物品种较多，所有样本都检测出了超出本底值的137Cs核素比活度。2011年所测核素137Cs比活度范围为0.05~6.21 Bq·kg-1，2012年比活度范围为0.02~0.46 Bq·kg-1；而2013年采集的样品较少仅有2类，比活度范围为0~0.37 Bq·kg-1。将各个营养级生物的137Cs核素质量活度进行均值化，3年期间大型鱼类的平均值为0.49 Bq·kg-1，巴特柔鱼的平均值为0.18 Bq·kg-1，小型鱼类平均值为0.10 Bq·kg-1，随营养级上升核素质量活度整体呈倒金字塔分布。研究表明，中心渔场调查期间所测核素质量活度水平均未超过中国食品中放射性核素质量活度的限制浓度与通用水平的标准限。目前对放射性元素137Cs的风险评估显示核素含量处于相对安全限度范围内，但需保持可续性的生态监测。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Marine biological samples were taken in the central fishing grounds of the North Pacific high seas from 2011-2013, in order to understand the impact of Japan's Fukushima nuclear leakage on the high seas fisheries and develop the natural fishery industry in the North Pacific Ocean. The samples were dominated by neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii). The result showed that radionuclide 137Cs was detected in all samples by a gamma ray spectrometer. Additionally, cross-check analysis was carried out among different species, organs and tissues. Analysis of the distribution of nuclides in marine organisms in the North Pacific Ocean and an assessment of their risk to fisheries were carried out. There were a large number of samples collected from 2011-2012. The specific activity of 137Cs was higher than the base in all samples. In 2011, the activity range of the 137Cs nuclides was 0.05~6.21 Bq·kg-1, while in 2012 it was 0.02~0.46 Bq·kg-1. In 2013, there were only two types of samples collected, and the range of activity was 0~0.37 Bq·kg-1. The quality activity of the nuclides in each nutrient-grade organism was normalized, and its average value was 0.49 Bq·kg-1 over three years. The average value in neon flying squid was 0.18 Bq·kg-1, while that in small fishes was 0.10 Bq·kg-1. The mass activity of nuclides showed an inverted pyramid distribution. The quality activity level of the nuclides during the three years of surveying did not exceed the concentration restriction of radionuclide quality in Chinese food, nor the standard line of general levels. At present, the risk assessment of radioactive element 137Cs shows that the quality activity of nuclides is in a relatively safe range, but also that follow-up monitoring is needed. |
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