EDTA强化盐生植物修复Pb、Cd和盐渍化复合污染土壤

王雨涵; 陈冬月; 江志勇; 聂文翰; 张进忠

文章摘要

王雨涵,陈冬月,江志勇,聂文翰,张进忠.EDTA强化盐生植物修复Pb、Cd和盐渍化复合污染土壤[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(9):1866-1874.

EDTA强化盐生植物修复Pb、Cd和盐渍化复合污染土壤

Phytoremediation of the soil contaminated by Pb, Cd and secondary salinization with the enhancement of EDTA

投稿时间：2018-02-07

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2018-0206

中文关键词: 土壤修复重金属次生盐渍化盐生植物 EDTA

英文关键词: soil remediation heavy metal secondary salinization halophyte EDTA

基金项目:国家高技术研究发展计划（863）项目（2012AA101405）

作者	单位	E-mail
王雨涵	西南大学资源环境学院, 三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400715
陈冬月	西南大学资源环境学院, 三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400715
江志勇	重庆化工职业学院环境与质量检测系, 重庆 401228
聂文翰	西南大学资源环境学院, 三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400715
张进忠	西南大学资源环境学院, 三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400715 重庆市农业资源与环境重点实验室, 重庆 400716	jzhzhang@swu.edu.cn

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中文摘要:

为修复重金属和盐渍化复合污染土壤，采用温室盆栽实验，研究了EDTA强化盐生植物景天三七（Sedum aizoon L.）和翅碱蓬（Suaeda salsa）对土壤中Pb、Cd和盐分阴离子（NO₃^-、Cl^-、SO₄^2-）的去除效果。结果表明，EDTA能够促进盐生植物吸收和富集污染土壤中的Pb、Cd，当添加4 mmol·kg^-1的EDTA时，对于Pb、Cd中度污染土壤，景天三七对2种重金属的去除率分别为32.59%和36.47%，翅碱蓬分别为22.93%和29.36%；对于Pb、Cd和盐分阴离子复合污染土壤，景天三七对轻度污染土壤中2种重金属的去除率分别为41.37%和47.25%，翅碱蓬对中度污染土壤中2种重金属的去除率分别为36.42%和41.48%，景天三七对3种盐分阴离子的去除率表现为NO₃^- > Cl^- > SO₄^2-，而翅碱蓬对盐分阴离子的去除效果差异较小。景天三七的生物量明显大于翅碱蓬，植物抗逆性指标显示景天三七耐受Pb、Cd和盐分阴离子的能力更强。EDTA强化景天三七修复实际污染土壤，Pb、Cd的去除率分别达到37.87%和41.61%，NO₃^-、SO₄^2-和Cl^-分别为59.22%、42.11%和51.65%，能够有效修复重金属和盐渍化复合污染土壤。

英文摘要:

In order to remedy the soil contaminated by heavy metals and secondary salinization, the pot experiments were conducted to investigate the removal efficiencies of Pb, Cd and salt anions (NO₃^-, Cl^- and SO₄^2-) by two halophytes with the enhancement of EDTA. The results showed that the addition of EDTA could significantly promote halophytes to absorb and enrich Pb and Cd in the contaminated soils. With the enhancement of 4 mmol·kg^-1 EDTA, the removal efficiencies of Pb and Cd were 32.59% and 36.47% by Sedum aizoon L., and those were 22.93% and 29.36% by Suaeda salsa for the moderately polluted soil with Pb and Cd, respectively. For the combined pollution soils with Pb, Cd and salt anions, the removal efficiencies of Pb and Cd in the mildly polluted soil were 41.37% and 47.25% by Sedum aizoon L., and those in the moderately polluted soil were 36.42% and 41.48% by Suaeda salsa, respectively. The removal ability of the three salt anions showed a decreasing order of NO₃^-, Cl^- and SO₄^2- by Sedum aizoon L., whereas that showed little difference by Suaeda salsa. The existence of appropriate amount of salt anions could activate Pb and Cd in the contaminated soil, and increase their mobility and bioavailability, which may promote the halophytes to absorb heavy metals. When the contents of salt anions in the contaminated soil exceeded the tolerance thresholds of the halophytes, excess salinity might reduce the absorption ability of plant to Pb and Cd. In addition, the biomass of Sedum aizoon L. was obviously greater than that of Suaeda salsa, and plant resistance indices indicated that the tolerance ability of Sedum aizoon L. to Pb, Cd and salt anions was much stronger. The combined pollution soil with heavy metals and secondary salinization could be effectively remedied by Sedum aizoon L. with the enhancement of EDTA, and the removal efficiencies of Pb, Cd were 37.87% and 41.61%, and those of NO₃^-, SO₄^2- and Cl^- were 59.22%, 42.11% and 51.65% for the actual pollution soil, respectively.

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