| 李杰,祝凌,仝利红,吕贻忠,李季.蔬菜温室长期种植下土壤重金属累积风险评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(10):2159-2165. |
| 蔬菜温室长期种植下土壤重金属累积风险评价 |
| Risk assessment of heavy metals accumulation in soils under long-term greenhouse vegetable cultivation conditions |
| 投稿时间：2018-01-29 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2018-0162 |
| 中文关键词: 土壤重金属 累积风险 污染评价 有机种植 长期定位试验 |
| 英文关键词: soil heavy metals cumulative risk pollution evaluation organic planting long-term location experiment |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41571317） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1686 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 利用中国农业大学曲周实验站有机种植长期定位试验，比较了有机种植（ORG）、无公害种植（LOW）和常规种植（CON）3种不同种植模式下土壤中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr、As、Ni 7种重金属含量的差异，并采用单因子指数法、内梅罗综合累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法分别对土壤中重金属的累积风险和生态风险进行了评价。结果表明：经过15 a的种植，与2002年的初始值相比，3种种植模式下土壤重金属均有明显的累积。其中土壤中Cd累积较为明显，分别提高了312.50%、175.00%、100.00%，有机和无公害种植模式下土壤Cd含量超过了温室蔬菜产地环境质量评价标准，其他重金属含量虽也有一定程度累积，但均未超标。以初始值为参考，评价结果表明，3种种植模式下土壤重金属累积指数表现为ORG > LOW > CON，有机种植存在较高的土壤重金属累积风险。以温室蔬菜产地标准值为参比值，可以看出经过15 a的长期定位试验，各个重金属元素均未造成生态系统的风险，3种种植模式的综合生态风险也都属轻微生态危害程度，但相比较而言，3种种植模式生态风险指数表现为ORG > LOW > CON，因此应加强有机农场有机肥质量监控，以确保有机农业的健康发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The effect of different planting modes on soil heavy metals contents was investigated in this study. The differences in the contents of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, As and Ni in soil under long-term greenhouse organic planting (ORG), low-input planting (LOW) and conventional planting (CON) conditions were compared. The accumulation and ecological risks of heavy metals in soil were evaluated using the single factor index method, Nemero comprehensive accumulation index method and potential ecological risk index method. The results showed that the heavy metals accumulation in the soil was significant after 15 years of the planting exercise utilizing the three planting modes. The accumulation of Cd in soil was the most significant among the investigated heavy metals, increasing by 312.50%, 175.00% and 100.00% for ORG, LOW and CON, respectively. Only the Cd content under ORG and LOW was found to exceed the environmental quality assessment standard of greenhouse vegetable production, whereas none of the other heavy metals exceeded their standards, albeit with accumulation of each to some extent. Taking into account the initial value as reference, the evaluation results showed that there was a high risk of heavy metal accumulation in soil under ORG, and the accumulation index of heavy metals was ordered as ORG > LOW > CON. Considering the standard values for greenhouse vegetables, the heavy metal contents in soil did not cause any ecosystem risks after 15 years of long-term planting. In addition, the comprehensive ecological risks of the three planting modes were generally minor, with the ecological risk index ordered as ORG > LOW > CON. Therefore, quality control of organic fertilizer should be strengthened to ensure the healthy development of organic agriculture. |
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