| 张峰,王荣萍,梁嘉伟,廖新荣,黎森,石永锋,吴永贵.蚯蚓粪肥对水稻土磷形态及微生物活性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(12):2774-2784. |
| 蚯蚓粪肥对水稻土磷形态及微生物活性的影响 |
| Impacts of vermicompost application on phosphorus species and microbial activity in paddy soils |
| 投稿时间：2018-07-20 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2018-0936 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻土 磷形态 转化 蚯蚓粪肥 |
| 英文关键词: paddy soils phosphorus species transformation vermicompost |
| 基金项目:院属骨干科研机构创新能力建设专项（2017GDASCX-0106）；广东省科学院实施创新驱动发展能力建设专项（2018GDASCX-0106）；广东省科技计划项目（2017LM2149）；广州市科技计划项目（201607010082）；国家科技支撑项目（2014BAD14B05） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 张峰 | 广东省生态环境技术研究所, 广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室, 广州 510650
贵州大学资源与环境工程学院, 贵阳 550025 | | | 王荣萍 | 广东省生态环境技术研究所, 广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室, 广州 510650 | rpwang@soil.gd.cn | | 梁嘉伟 | 广东省生态环境技术研究所, 广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室, 广州 510650 | | | 廖新荣 | 广东省生态环境技术研究所, 广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室, 广州 510650 | | | 黎森 | 广东省生态环境技术研究所, 广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室, 广州 510650 | | | 石永锋 | 广东省生态环境技术研究所, 广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室, 广州 510650 | | | 吴永贵 | 贵州大学资源与环境工程学院, 贵阳 550025 | ygwu72@126.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用盆栽试验方法，以小白菜为试验作物，研究蚯蚓粪肥对水稻土磷形态以及微生物活性的影响。结果表明：蚯蚓粪肥对土壤pH、Eh、水溶态Fe（Ⅱ）、盐酸提取态Fe（Ⅱ）、微生物生物量碳、微生物生物量磷、微生物生物量碳磷比以及酸性磷酸酶活性均有显著影响（P<0.05）；蚯蚓粪肥对于除稳定性磷C.HCl-Pi外的土壤各形态磷含量均有明显提高，其中对活性磷（Resin-P、NaHCO3-Pi和NaHCO3-Po）和中稳定性磷（NaOH-Pi和NaOH-Po）具有极显著性影响（P<0.01）。相关性分析结果表明：在蚯蚓粪肥添加的土壤中，酸性磷酸酶活性与微生物生物量碳之间存在极显著正相关关系，与NaHCO3-Po存在显著负相关关系，与Resin-P、NaOH-Po均达到极显著负相关水平；微生物生物量碳与Resin-P、NaHCO3-Po之间均存在极显著负相关关系，与盐酸提取态Fe（Ⅱ）之间存在极显著正相关关系；盐酸提取态Fe（Ⅱ）与NaHCO3-Po、NaOH-Pi之间均为显著负相关；NaHCO3-Pi与NaOH-Pi之间存在极显著正相关关系，Resin-P与NaHCO3-Po、NaOH-Po均存在极显著正相关关系。研究表明：蚯蚓粪肥能够有效促进土壤铁溶解和还原，进而促进NaOH-Pi释放；蚯蚓粪肥添加有效改善土壤微生物环境，促进微生物对磷的活化和固持，同时增强了土壤酸性磷酸酶活性，其对NaOH-Po活化具有显著影响；蚯蚓粪肥添加的土壤中Resin-P主要来自NaHCO3-Po、NaOH-Po的分解，而NaOH-Pi是NaHCO3-Pi的主要来源。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of vermicompost application on phosphorus (P) transformation and microbial activity in a paddy soil cropped with pakchoi. The results showed that:(1) vermicompost application significantly affected the pH, Eh, water soluble Fe (Ⅱ), hydrochloric acid extractable Fe (Ⅱ), microbial biomass carbon (C), microbial biomass P, microbial biomass C/P ratio, and acid phosphatase activity of paddy soils (P<0.05) and (2) with the exception of C.HCl-Pi, vermicompost application greatly increased the contents of various P species in soil; specifically, labile Pi (ncluding Resin-P, NaHCO3-Pi and NaHCO3-Po) and moderately stable Pi (ncluding NaOH-Pi and NaOH-Po) were significantly increased (P<0.01). Correlation analyses indicated the following:acid phosphatase activity had a significant positive correlation with microbial biomass C, but a significant negative correlation with NaHCO3-Po (P<0.05), Resin-P (P<0.01), and NaOH-Po (P<0.01); microbial biomass C had a significant negative correlation with both Resin-P and NaHCO3-Po (P<0.01), but a significant positive correlation with hydrochloric acid extractable Fe (Ⅱ) (P<0.01); hydrochloric acid extractable Fe (Ⅱ) had a significant negative correlation with both NaHCO3-Po and NaOH-Pi (P<0.05); NaHCO3-Pi had a significant positive correlation with NaOH-Pi (P<0.01); and Resin-P had a significant positive correlation with both NaHCO3-Po and NaOH-Po (P<0.01). These results indicated that earthworm cast application could effectively promote the dissolution and reduction of Fe (Ⅲ) and the consequent release of NaOH-Pi. In addition, earthworm cast application could effectively improve soil quality, promote P activation and fixation by soil microorganisms, and enhance acid phosphatase activity, which has a significant impact on NaOH-Po. The Resin-P increase was mainly due to the decomposition of NaHCO3-Po and NaOH-Po, and NaOH-Pi was the main source of NaHCO3-Pi. These results are expected to provide a scientific basis for improving the utilization rate of P fertilizers and promote the better use of vermicompost. |
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