| 朱文彬,王慎强,赵旭,汪玉.秸秆炭化物长期还田下农田镉风险研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(1):117-123. |
| 秸秆炭化物长期还田下农田镉风险研究 |
| Risk of cadmium in farmland soil after long-term application of carbonization straw |
| 投稿时间：2018-01-05 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2018-0032 |
| 中文关键词: 镉 秸秆 生物质炭 土壤 小麦 薄膜梯度扩散技术(DGT) |
| 英文关键词: cadmium straw biochar soil wheat Diffusive Gradients in Thin films(DGT) |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目（2015BAD05B04）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（41771338）；国家"948"重点项目（2011-G30） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1895 |
| 全文下载次数: 1946 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 以中国科学院常熟农业生态试验站宜兴基地秸秆及生物质炭连续还田试验作为研究对象，研究该农艺措施进行7年后对麦季土壤及小麦不同器官中镉（Cd）含量的影响。结果表明，与不添加秸秆源的BC0处理相比，秸秆和生物质炭还田增加了土壤中总Cd浓度（均低于国家土壤环境质量二级标准），但与7年前相比无显著性差异。相较于对照处理（BC0处理），添加2.25 t·hm-2的秸秆（Straw2.25处理，1/3秸秆全量还田量）与11.25 t·hm-2的生物质炭（BC11.25处理，5倍秸秆全量还田量制备生物质炭）对小麦中Cd吸收量无显著影响；但添加22.5 t·hm-2的生物质炭（BC22.5处理，10倍秸秆全量还田量制备生物质炭）的小麦籽粒、秸秆和根部中Cd含量比BC0处理分别显著降低了88.7%、75.3%和52.8%（P<0.05）。Straw2.25处理、BC11.25处理和BC22.5处理中土壤DGT-Cd含量与不添加秸秆源的BC0处理相比分别降低了71.2%、74.6%和83.4%（P<0.05）；且DGT-Cd含量与小麦Cd吸收量呈显著正相关性（P<0.01）。该研究结果表明在清洁农田中秸秆资源还田下土壤总Cd短期内环境风险较小，土壤Cd的生物有效性显著降低。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study was conducted at the experimental site of the Yixing experimental station at Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station in Jiangsu Province, China. The effect of long-term continuous application of straw and straw-biochar on the cadmium concentration in soil and different tissues of wheat was examined after seven years of application. The results showed that compared to the control treatment(BC0 treatment), the soil concentration of total Cd was increased after the mount of 2.25 t·hm-2 straw (Straw2.25 treatment), 11.25 t·hm-2 biochar(BC11.25 treatment) and 22.5 t·hm-2 biochar(BC22.5 treatment) return to the field. With the application of 22.5 t·hm-2 biochar(BC22.5 treatment), the concentration of Cd in the grains, straws, and roots of wheat decreased significantly by 88.7%, 75.3%, and 52.8%, respectively(P<0.05). Furthermore, the bioavailability of Cd in soil was analyzed using the Diffusive Gradients in Thin films(DGT) technique. The results showed that the concentrations of soil DGT-Cd were reduced by 71.2%, 74.6%, and 83.4% with the Straw2.25, BC11.25, and BC22.5 treatments, respectively(P<0.05). DGT-Cd concentration was positively correlated with the concentration of cadmium uptake by wheat(P<0.01). Hence, the results of this study indicated that there was less risk of total Cd in soil in the short term, and the bioavailability of soil Cd was significantly reduced by returning straw resources to farmland soil on clean farms. |
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