玉米秸秆和小麦秸秆生物炭的热稳定性及化学稳定性

赵金凤; 陈静文; 张迪; Ghosh Saikat

文章摘要

赵金凤,陈静文,张迪,Ghosh Saikat.玉米秸秆和小麦秸秆生物炭的热稳定性及化学稳定性[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(2):458-465.

玉米秸秆和小麦秸秆生物炭的热稳定性及化学稳定性

Thermal stability and oxidation resistance of biochars derived from corn stalk and wheat stalk

投稿时间：2018-09-13 修订日期：2018-11-19

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2018-1178

中文关键词: 生物炭作物秸秆热稳定性抗氧化性

英文关键词: biochar crop straw thermal stability oxidation resistance

基金项目:国家自然科学基金地区基金项目（41663014）；云南省中青年学术和技术带头人项目（2018HB008）

作者	单位	E-mail
赵金凤	昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 昆明 650500
陈静文	昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 昆明 650500
张迪	昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 昆明 650500 云南省土壤固碳与污染控制重点实验室, 昆明 650500	zhangdi2002113@sina.com
Ghosh Saikat	昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 昆明 650500

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中文摘要:

为探究秸秆类农业废弃物所制备生物炭的稳定性，以玉米秸秆和小麦秸秆为原料，分别在200℃和500℃下制备生物炭，通过元素分析、傅里叶红外光谱分析、热重及差热分析等分别探究了生物炭的理化性质及热稳定性。结果表明：玉米秸秆因木质素含量较小麦秸秆高，相同温度下制备的生物炭的热稳定性更高。NaClO、H₂O₂和KMnO₄三种氧化剂对生物炭的氧化结果表明，秸秆类生物炭的抗氧化性不仅与高木质素含量有关，且受矿物保护的影响。尤其是在KMnO₄体系中，木质素和纤维素含量低、灰分含量高的麦秆及其生物炭的化学稳定性更强，表现出了与热稳定性不同的规律。此外，较高温度下制备的生物炭表现出较强的抗氧化能力，具有较大的碳封存潜力。

英文摘要:

The objective of this study is to explore the chemical properties and thermal stability of biochars prepared from corn and wheat stalks, which are agricultural wastes. The biochars were prepared at 200℃ and 500℃. Physical and chemical properties and thermal stability of the biochars were investigated by elemental analysis, fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermo-gravimetric (TGA-DTA)analysis. The results showed that the relative heat stability of corn stalk biochar was higher than that of wheat stalk biochar prepared at the same temperature, which was attributed to the higher lignin content of the former. In addition, biochars prepared from the same raw materials at a higher temperature showed better thermal stability due to rise in aromaticity. Oxidation of the biochars by NaClO, H₂O₂, and KMnO₄ was minimal. In addition to a high lignin content, mineral protection in stalk biochars prevented oxidation. Particularly, in the KMnO₄ system, the wheat stalk biochar, despite lower lignin content, showed stronger chemical stability due to the high ash content, hence, showing a different mode of thermal stability. Besides, the biochars prepared at higher temperatures exhibited a rise in the antioxidant capacity and carbon sequestration potential. This study provides valuable insights regarding the practical application and stability of straw biochars.

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