| 袁兴超,李博,朱仁凤,药栋,湛方栋,陈建军,祖艳群,何永美,李元.不同钝化剂对铅锌矿区周边农田镉铅污染钝化修复研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(4):807-817. |
| 不同钝化剂对铅锌矿区周边农田镉铅污染钝化修复研究 |
| Immobilization of Cd and Pb using different amendments of cultivated soils around lead-zinc mines |
| 投稿时间：2018-05-23 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2018-0672 |
| 中文关键词: 海泡石 石灰 腐植酸 生物炭 钙镁磷肥 重金属 钝化 |
| 英文关键词: sepiolite lime humic acid biochar calcium magnesium phosphate heavy metal immobilization |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC1802603）；云南省重点研发项目（2018BB017）；云南省农田无公害生产创新团队（2017HC015）；国家污染耕地修复示范项目（YNBY2016-002） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2021 |
| 全文下载次数: 1917 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 采用大田试验和盆栽试验，研究了海泡石（S）、石灰（L）、腐植酸（H）、生物炭（B）和钙镁磷肥（P）对云南某铅锌矿区周边玉米农田的修复效果，并采用BCR形态分级试验研究土壤钝化前后重金属形态的变化。结果表明：石灰和海泡石可显著提高土壤pH。钝化处理可显著降低DTPA提取态Cd、Pb含量，盆栽试验中，生物炭45 t·hm-2处理对Cd钝化效率可达45.3%，石灰2.25 t·hm-2处理对Pb钝化效率可达60.6%；大田试验中，钙镁磷肥3 t·hm-2处理对Cd最高钝化效率可达48.3%，石灰4.5 t·hm-2处理对Pb钝化效率可达25.3%。石灰、海泡石和生物炭对重金属形态变化影响显著，可促进重金属由高活性形态向低活性形态转换。钝化处理可显著降低玉米籽粒中Cd、Pb含量，生物炭22.5 t·hm-2处理下，Cd最大降幅85%，作物达到食品安全国家标准（GB 2762-2012，Cd ≤ 0.1 mg·kg-1），石灰4.5 t·hm-2处理下，Pb最大降幅59.6%，但未达到食品安全国家标准（GB 2762-2012，Pb ≤ 0.2 mg·kg-1）。部分钝化剂可以起到增产的作用，腐植酸22.5 t·hm-2处理下可增产29.1%。综合分析不同钝化剂及其施用量的效果可知，海泡石和石灰是对该矿区周边Cd、Pb污染农田修复效果最佳的钝化剂，最佳施用量分别为海泡石45 t·hm-2和石灰2.25 t·hm-2。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Field experiments and pot experiments were carried out to study the effects of sepiolite (S), lime (L), humic acid (H), biochar (B), and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (P) on the remediation of cultivated soils planted with corn, in the vicinity of a lead-zinc mine in Yunnan. A BCR morphological classification experiment was used to study the variation in heavy metal fractions before and after the soil amendments. The results showed the following:The soil pH value significantly increased after lime and sepiolite treatments. The amendments significantly decreased the DTPA-extractable Cd and Pb. In the pot experiments, the highest immobilization efficiency of Cd for the biochar 45 t·hm-2 treatment was 45.3%, and that of Pb for lime 2.25 t·hm-2 was 60.6%. In the field experiments, the highest immobilization efficiency of Cd for calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer 3 t·hm-2 was 48.3%, and that of Pb for lime 4.5 t·hm-2 was 25.3%. Lime, sepiolite, and biochar had significant effects on the fractions of heavy metals, that promoted the transformation of the heavy metals from highly active to poorly active fractions. The immobilization treatment significantly decreased the Cd and Pb content in corn grains. Under the biochar 22.5 t·hm-2 treatment, the maximum Cd content decreased by 85%, and the content of Cd in grains met the National Food Safety Standard value (GB 2762-2012, Cd ≤ 0.1 mg·kg-1). Under the lime 4.5 t·hm-2 treatment, the maximum Pb content decreased by 59.6%, but did not meet the National Food Safety Standard value (GB 2762-2012, Pb ≤ 0.2 mg·kg-1). The yield increased after some of the amendment treatments. The yield increased by 29.1% after the humic acid 22.5 t·hm-2 treatment. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the effects of different amendments and their application amounts on the yield, heavy metal mobility in soil, and contents in crops, sepiolite and lime are the best choice of amendments for the remediation of Cd and Pb-contaminated cultivated soil around a lead-zinc mine area. The application amounts are sepiolite 45 t·hm-2 and lime 2.25 t·hm-2, respectively. |
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