| 韩潇潇,任兴华,王培培,黄永春,张长波,刘仲齐.叶面喷施锌离子对水稻各器官镉积累特性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(8):1809-1817. |
| 叶面喷施锌离子对水稻各器官镉积累特性的影响 |
| Effects of foliar application with zinc on the characteristics of cadmium accumulation in organs of rice plants |
| 投稿时间：2018-12-06 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2018-1528 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻 镉 锌 营养元素 叶面喷施 |
| 英文关键词: rice cadmium zinc nutrient elements foliar application |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0801100）；中国农科院科技创新工程项目（CAAS-XTCX2016018） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了探讨锌离子对稻米镉（Cd）积累特性的影响，在水稻开花期喷施不同浓度的ZnSO4，对成熟期水稻各器官的Cd含量及其他必需元素的变化进行了分析。研究结果表明：在相同的Cd污染农田中，不同处理间晚稻各器官中的Cd含量明显高于早稻。与对照相比，叶面喷施5 mmol·L-1和10 mmol·L-1 ZnSO4能够显著降低晚稻和早稻籽粒和穗轴以及穗下节中的Cd含量，籽粒中的Cd含量和穗下节以及倒二节中的Cd含量还呈极显著正相关。此外，无论是对照还是各处理小区，晚稻和早稻穗下节中的Cd含量是穗轴和旗叶Cd含量的10倍左右，倒二节Cd含量是倒二节间中Cd含量的3倍左右。与此同时，喷施5 mmol·L-1和10 mmol·L-1的ZnSO4使晚稻籽粒中的Zn含量分别增加13.81%和44.60%，早稻籽粒中的Zn含量分别增加39.02%和47.88%，但对籽粒中的Mg含量无显著影响。此外，喷施10 mmol·L-1的ZnSO4显著降低了早稻和晚稻籽粒中的K、Ca、Mn含量。由此可见，叶面喷施ZnSO4主要通过提高Zn向籽粒的转运效率来抑制Cd由营养器官向穗轴及籽粒的转运，从而产生降Cd增Zn的明显效果。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the effects of ZnSO4 on the accumulation of cadmium in different organs of rice plants, different concentrations of zinc were sprayed during the anthesis period and quantities of cadmium as well as other essential elements in the organs were analyzed. Experimental results showed that when plants were grown in the same Cd-contaminated farmland, the cadmium content in different organs of late rice in different treatments was significantly higher than that in early rice. Compared with the control, foliar application with 5 mmol·L-1 and 10 mmol·L-1 ZnSO4 was found to significantly reduce cadmium in grains and rachises and in the uppermost nodes of late rice and early rice. Grain Cd was significantly and positively correlated with Cd content in the uppermost nodes and in the second nodes. Furthermore, irrespective of the control plot or the treatment plot and regardless of late rice or early rice, the concentration of Cd in uppermost nodes was approximately 10 times higher than that in rachises and flag leaves, and the concentration of Cd in the second nodes was approximately three times higher than that in the second internodes. The results showed that Zn concentrations in grains of late rice increased by 13.81% and 44.60%, and in grains of early rice increased by 39.02% and 47.88% respectively, after spraying with 5 mmol·L-1 and 10 mmol·L-1 of zinc. The concentration of K in grains and rachises decreased in late rice and early rice and foliar application with ZnSO4 did not have a significant effect on the concentration of Mg in grains. Spraying with 10 mmol·L-1 of zinc significantly reduced levels of K, Ca and Mn in grains of late rice and early rice. These results indicate that foliar application with different concentrations of zinc is able to efficiently increase Zn level and decrease Cd quantity in grains by promoting Zn allocation and inhibiting Cd transport from vegetative organs to grains. |
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