| 张大众,杨海川,菅明阳,隗书伟,赵越,张一阳,丁勤,马翎健.Cd胁迫下小麦的形态生理响应及Cd积累分布特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(9):2031-2040. |
| Cd胁迫下小麦的形态生理响应及Cd积累分布特征 |
| Physiological response and Cd accumulation and distribution characteristics of wheat under Cd stress |
| 投稿时间：2018-12-21 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2018-1612 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 Cd 生理响应 积累 化学结合形态 |
| 英文关键词: wheat Cd physiological response accumulation chemical form |
| 基金项目:国家十三五重点研发项目（2016YFD0101602） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 1932 |
| 全文下载次数: 1952 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 以Cd抗性不同的四个小麦品种为试验材料，设置0、25 mg·kg-1和50 mg·kg-1三个CdCl2添加浓度进行盆栽试验。通过对小麦成熟期形态指标、多个生育时期生理指标、成熟期各器官中总Cd含量及各化学结合形态Cd占比的研究，旨在探讨小麦对Cd胁迫的形态和生理响应、小麦Cd吸收积累特性以及抗Cd机理。结果表明，株高、叶面积对Cd胁迫敏感程度低，25 mg·kg-1 Cd处理下对M1019的株高和西农20、许农186和M1019叶面积有促进作用；而同化物质的积累对Cd胁迫敏感，叶片干质量最为敏感，50 mg·kg-1 Cd处理下下降20%以上；高浓度Cd处理对小麦各生长指标均表现为抑制。25 mg·kg-1 Cd胁迫下能提高叶片POD酶活性，而50 mg·kg-1 Cd胁迫下POD酶活性降低，随胁迫时间增加POD酶活性降低；叶片SOD酶活性随着胁迫浓度和时间的增加而降低；脯氨酸含量则随着胁迫浓度和时间的增加而升高；叶绿素含量随胁迫浓度的增加而降低。随Cd处理浓度的增加小麦各器官Cd含量增加，各器官积累量表现为：根 > 叶片 > 茎秆 > 籽粒，许农186和M1019整株Cd含量低于西农20和漯麦0603。50 mg·kg-1 Cd处理下漯麦0603叶片和籽粒的Cd转运系数最低，分别是21.2%和2.2%；叶片Cd转运系数最高的品种是西农20，系数为26.4%；籽粒Cd转运系数最高的是许农186，转运系数为3.0%。各化学结合形态中以氯化钠提取态和醋酸提取态占比最大，随Cd处理浓度增加而增加，活跃态Cd含量占比以许农186和M1019较低。结果表明不同形态和生理指标对Cd胁迫的响应不同，不同小麦对Cd的吸收积累特征有共性也存在品种间的差异，抗性品种与敏感型品种相比Cd的吸收积累量较低，活性高的Cd占比较少。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Our investigation aimed to determine the morphological and physiological responses of wheat to Cd stress. We studied the morphological indexes, physiological indexes at multiple growth stages, total Cd content in various organs at maturity, and the proportion of Cd in each chemical form in order to characterize Cd absorption and accumulation, and determine the mechanism of Cd stress resistance in wheat. Potted experiments were carried out using four wheat cultivars with different Cd resistance. Three concentrations of CdCl2 (0 mg·kg-1, 25 mg·kg-1, and 50 mg·kg-1)were applied to the potted plants. Our results showed that the plant height and leaf area were less sensitive to Cd stress. The plant height of M1019 and the leaf area of Xinong 20, Xunong 186, and M1019 were enhanced by the 25 mg·kg-1 Cd treatment. The accumulation of absorbed substances was sensitive to Cd stress, and the dry weight of leaves decreased by more than 20% under treatment with 50 mg·kg-1 Cd. The high concentration Cd treatment showed an inhibition of the growth indices of wheat. Under a stress of 25 mg·kg-1 Cd, the activity of the POD enzyme in leaves increased, while under a stress of 50 mg·kg-1 Cd, the activity of the enzyme decreased. The activity of POD decreased with duration of stress. The activity of SOD in leaves decreased with increase in Cd concentration and time. The content of proline increased with increase in Cd concentration and time. The chlorophyll content decreased with increase in Cd concentration. With increase in Cd concentration, the Cd content of wheat increased, and its accumulation in each organ was found to be in the order root > leaf > stalk > seed. The Cd contents of Xunong 186 and M1019 were lower than those of Xinong 20 and Luomai 0603, and the Cd transport coefficients of the leaves and kernels of Luomai 0603 were the lowest at 21.0% and 2.2%, respectively. The highest Cd transport coefficient was for Xinong 20 (26.4%). The lowest Cd transport coefficient was found in Xunong 186 (3.0%). An analysis of the chemical composition showed that the sodium chloride and acetic acid extraction states accounted for the largest proportion of stress-related compounds, and this proportion increased with Cd concentration. The active Cd content ratio was lowest for Xunong and M1019. The results showed that various morphological and physiological indexes had different responses to Cd stress. Compared with sensitive cultivars, Cd absorption and accumulation in resistant cultivars were low and the proportion of Cd with higher activity in resistant cultivars was low. The mechanistic reasons for the differences in the response patterns of different wheat varieties to Cd stress require further study. |
| HTML
查看全文
查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
|
|
|
