| 李嘉琳,梁金明,陈波华,李永涛,王进进.叶面肥与不同类型钝化材料组合施用对水稻累积镉效应研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(10):2338-2345. |
| 叶面肥与不同类型钝化材料组合施用对水稻累积镉效应研究 |
| Effect of integrative remediation measures, based on foliar fertilizer and several passivation materials, on Cd accumulation in rice |
| 投稿时间：2019-03-21 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2019-0306 |
| 中文关键词: 镉 叶面肥 钝化 水稻 安全利用技术体系 |
| 英文关键词: cadmium foliage fertilizer passivation rice integrative technology |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目（2015BAD05B05）；中山市中轻度重金属污染农田修复试点示范项目（0692-179CZS750094） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1876 |
| 全文下载次数: 1571 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为应对复杂的重金属污染来源与现状，采用叶面肥与钝化措施组合技术进行重金属污染农田的安全利用田间验证。结果表明，单独施用叶面肥对水稻各部位中Cd的累积效应无显著影响，而“改性钼矿”“叶面肥+改性钼矿”“叶面肥+石灰”“叶面肥+羟基磷灰石”等组合修复技术在不影响水稻产量的前提下，均能显著降低水稻各部位中Cd的累积，其中根系Cd含量下降幅度为23.1%~47.9%，茎叶Cd含量下降幅度为37.5%~64.3%，籽粒Cd含量下降幅度为25.2%~48.8%。除单施叶面肥处理外所有修复处理后水稻籽粒Cd含量均低于国家食品安全标准限量值。改性钼矿的作用主要是通过降低土壤浸提态Cd含量及根系Cd含量，即通过减少Cd从土壤中向水稻体内的迁移过程来实现水稻籽粒降Cd的目的；而含有叶面硅肥的处理能够显著影响Cd在水稻体内的分配，其主要作用机理是减少Cd从水稻地下部位向地上部位的迁移。叶面肥+改性钼矿组合处理相比单施叶面肥处理表现出显著的应用优势，但是相比改性钼矿处理无显著差异，这可能与当地的低污染风险等级以及叶面肥的施用时期有关。研究表明，叶面肥+改性钼矿是一种适合于珠三角地区重金属Cd污染农田安全利用技术。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to deal with the current status of soil pollution, involving complex sources, we conducted a series of field experiments; in particular, we investigated the effect of integrative remediation measures(based on foliar fertilizer and several passivation materials)on Cd accumulation in rice. The results indicated that the tested ‘foliar fertilizer’ had no significant impact on Cd accumulation in different parts of the rice plant. The integrative treatments(i.e.,‘modified molybdenum ore’,‘foliar fertilizer + modified molybdenum ore’,‘foliar fertilizer + lime’, and ‘foliar fertilizer + hydroxyapatite’)could instead reduce Cd concentrations in all parts of the rice plant, but had no significant effect on rice yields:root Cd decreased from 47.9% to 23.1%, straw Cd from 37.5% to 64.3%, and the Cd concentration in rice grain decreased from 48.8% to 25.2%. Notably, the Cd content in rice grain was lower than the National Food Safety Standard Limit(0.2 mg·kg-1)under all treatments, except in the case of the ‘foliar fertilizer’ treatment. The main effect of the modified molybdenum ore was to reduce soil available Cd concentration and Cd concentration in roots:it reduced the migration of Cd from soil to rice, successfully reducing the Cd content in rice grains. The treatments containing foliar fertilizer significantly affected the distribution of Cd in rice, mainly by reducing Cd migration from rice root to shoot. The combined application of foliar fertilizer and modified molybdenum ore provided significant application advantages compared with that of simple foliar fertilizer; however, no significant difference was found between ‘foliar fertilizer + modified molybdenum ore’ and single application of ‘modified molybdenum ore’. Perhaps, these results were due to the low pollution risk level and the period of application of the foliar fertilizer. A comprehensive consideration of the remediation effect, its additive amount, and potential long-term effects, a systematic measure of ‘foliar fertilizer + silicon passivation’ is an effective passivation method for safe utilization of Cd contaminated paddy soil in Pearl River Delta. The great significance of this study lies in providing solid data for the establishment of a technology system that would allow the safe utilization of heavy metal-contaminated soils in China. |
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