| 胡小婕,秦超,林志鹏,高彦征.有毒有机物影响DNA酶解和抗生素抗性基因横向迁移[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(1):5-16. |
| 有毒有机物影响DNA酶解和抗生素抗性基因横向迁移 |
| Toxic organic substances influence enzymatic degradation of DNA and lateral transfer of antibiotic resistance genes |
| 投稿时间：2019-12-07 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2019-1386 |
| 中文关键词: 有毒有机物 DNA 结合 酶解 抗生素抗性基因 基因横向迁移 |
| 英文关键词: toxic organic substances DNA binding enzymatic degradation antibiotic resistance genes lateral/horizontal gene transfer |
| 基金项目:国家杰出青年科学基金项目（41925029）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（41877125） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1947 |
| 全文下载次数: 2079 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 进入环境中的有毒有机物种类较多、分布广泛。大量生命遗传物质DNA与有毒有机物共存于污染环境中，由于抗生素滥用，一些DNA上携带着抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）；有毒有机物和ARGs复合污染严重危害着生态安全和人群健康。有毒有机物如何影响DNA酶解和ARGs迁移，这已成为环境领域研究的热点之一，近些年来，该领域研究取得一些重要进展。有毒有机物可通过共价作用、非共价作用、剪切作用与DNA结合，进而改变DNA分子结构、影响DNA酶解；有毒有机物也可通过改变DNA降解酶活性或占据DNA上降解酶的酶切位点，进而影响DNA酶解过程。环境中ARGs横向迁移主要有接合、转导、转化三种方式，有毒有机物影响ARGs横向迁移的机制主要包括：有毒有机物调控可动遗传因子、引起细胞SOS反应、胁迫细胞形成自然感受态、影响生物膜形成、改变细胞膜通透性、与胞外质粒形成加合物。进入细胞后的有毒有机物如何作用于ARGs的复制和表达，这应是未来深化有毒有机物影响ARGs横向迁移机制的一个关键所在。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Numerous types of toxic organic substances are spread widely in the environment. A large amount of DNA, which is the genetic material of life co-exist with the toxic organic substances in the contaminated areas. Due to the abuse of antibiotics, some of these DNA molecules are carrying antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs). The combined pollution of toxic organic substances and ARGs seriously endangers ecological safety and human health. How toxic organic substances influence the enzymatic degradation of DNA or the lateral transfer of ARGs becomes one of the hot spots in the field of environmental research, and some essential progress has been made in this field over the years. Toxic organic substances bind with DNA mainly through covalent interaction, noncovalent interaction, and the shearing interaction, which consequently alter the DNA structure; hence, affect the enzymatic degradation of DNA. Toxic organic substances could also affect the activity of DNA degrading enzyme or seize the enzyme action sizes on the DNA molecule, thus influencing the enzymatic degradation of DNA. Lateral transfer of ARGs in the environment is mainly in three ways:conjugation, transduction and transformation. It is influenced by toxic organic substances generally through the following mechanisms:regulating the mobile genetic elements, inducing cellular SOS response, stressing cells into a competent state, affecting the biofilm formation, altering the cell membrane permeability, and forming adducts with extracellular plasmid. How toxic organic substances inside cells influenced on the replication and expression of ARGs, is the key to deepening the mechanism of them influencing the lateral transfer of ARGs in the future. |
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