不同质地黑土净氮转化速率和温室气体排放规律研究

郎漫; 李平; 魏玮

文章摘要

郎漫,李平,魏玮.不同质地黑土净氮转化速率和温室气体排放规律研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(2):429-436.

不同质地黑土净氮转化速率和温室气体排放规律研究

Regularity of net nitrogen transformation rates and greenhouse gas emissions in black soil of different textures

投稿时间：2019-09-20

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2019-1042

中文关键词: 壤砂土粉壤土矿化硝化 N₂O CO₂

英文关键词: loamy sand soil silt loam soil mineralization nitrification N₂O CO₂

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41301345，41101284）

作者	单位	E-mail
郎漫	南京信息工程大学江苏省农业气象重点实验室, 南京 210044 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044
李平	南京信息工程大学江苏省农业气象重点实验室, 南京 210044 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044	pli@nuist.edu.cn
魏玮	南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044

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中文摘要:

为探讨黑龙江省半干旱地区不同质地黑土的净氮转化速率和温室气体排放规律，以壤砂土和粉壤土为研究对象开展室内培养试验，对土壤净硝化速率和净矿化速率、N₂O和CO₂排放速率与累积排放量进行研究。结果表明：7 d培养期间壤砂土的平均净矿化速率和CO₂平均排放速率分别为0.49 mg N·kg^-1·d^-1和0.30 mg CO₂-C·kg^-1·h^-1，显著低于粉壤土的平均净矿化速率（1.37mg N·kg^-1·d^-1）和CO₂平均排放速率（0.47 mg CO₂-C·kg^-1·h^-1）。壤砂土的平均净硝化速率和N₂O平均排放速率分别为1.65 mg N·kg^-1·d^-1和212.6 ng N₂O-N·kg^-1·h^-1，显著低于粉壤土的5.02 mg N·kg^-1·d^-1和521.3 ng N₂O-N·kg^-1·h^-1。壤砂土和粉壤土的N₂O排放比率分别为0.081%~0.301%和0.210%~0.254%。研究表明，土壤质地显著影响土壤净氮转化速率和温室气体排放，壤砂土较低的pH、有机碳和水溶性有机碳含量是导致其净硝化速率、净矿化速率以及N₂O、CO₂排放速率显著低于粉壤土的主要原因。

英文摘要:

To better understand the net nitrogen transformation rates and greenhouse gas emissions in black soils, a short-term(7 day)laboratory incubation experiment was conducted on two soils of different textures(loamy sand and silt loam)from the semi-arid region in Heilongjiang Province, China. The rates of net nitrification and net mineralization, N₂O and CO₂ emission rates, and cumulative emissions were determined. Our results showed that the average net mineralization rate and CO₂ emission rate of loamy sand soil during the 7-day incubation period was 0.49 mg N·kg^-1·d^-1 and 0.30 mg CO₂-C·kg^-1·h^-1, respectively, which was significantly lower than the rates for the silt loam soil(1.37 mg N·kg^-1·d^-1 and 0.47 mg CO₂-C·kg^-1·h^-1, respectively). The average net nirification rate and N₂O emission rate of loamy sand soil was 1.65 mg N·kg^-1·d^-1 and 212.6 ng N₂O-N·kg^-1·h^-1, respectively, which was significantly lower than the rates for the silt loam soil (5.02 mg N·kg^-1·d^-1 and 521.3 ng N₂O-N·kg^-1·h^-1, respectively). The N₂O emission ratio from loamy sand soil and silt loam soil ranged from 0.081% to 0.301% and 0.210% to 0.254%, respectively. Soil texture significantly affected net nitrogen transformation rates and greenhouse gas emissions. The lower soil pH and the lower organic carbon and water-soluble organic carbon concentrations in the loamy sand soil were the main reasons for the significantly lower net nitrification rate, net mineralization rate, and emission rates of N₂O and CO₂, as compared with the silt loam soil.

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