| 吴震,陈安枫,朱爽阁,熊正琴.集约化菜地N2O排放及减排——基于文献整合分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(4):707-714. |
| 集约化菜地N2O排放及减排——基于文献整合分析 |
| Assessing nitrous oxide emissions and mitigation potentials from intensive vegetable ecosystems in China——Meta-analysis |
| 投稿时间：2020-01-06 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-0018 |
| 中文关键词: 菜地 氧化亚氮 氮肥 减排潜力 整合分析 |
| 英文关键词: vegetable field N2O nitrogen fertilization mitigation potential meta-analysis |
| 基金项目:公益性行业科研专项（201503106）；国家自然科学基金项目（41977078） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2731 |
| 全文下载次数: 1995 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为了评估中国菜地生态系统N2O排放及其减排潜力，通过搜集已发表的露天及温室菜地N2O减排田间原位观测数据，利用整合分析方法，评估了减施氮肥、配施硝化抑制剂、有机肥替代、施用生物质炭和优化灌溉等几种措施在蔬菜生产中减排N2O的潜力。结果表明：菜地中大量施用氮肥虽然增加蔬菜产量，但也显著增加了菜地N2O排放。在高施氮下，与露天菜地相比，温室菜地降低N2O排放系数和单位产量N2O排放量。与当地常规管理措施相比，各种优化措施均可在不同程度上降低菜地N2O排放，幅度分别为49.4%（减施氮肥）、33.2%（配施硝化抑制剂）、26.6%（有机肥替代）、29.1%（施用生物质炭）和34.3%（优化灌溉），平均达36.6%。在高施氮下，有机肥替代化肥能更有效地降低N2O排放系数和单位产量N2O排放量。菜地N2O排放量随着氮肥减施率的增加而降低，在低施氮土壤中N2O减排效果更好。优化灌溉在不同施氮量下对N2O的减排效果相当，配施硝化抑制剂和施用生物质炭则在低施氮条件下N2O减排效果更好。中国露天和温室菜地生态系统N2O减排潜力大，减施氮肥、配施硝化抑制剂、有机肥替代、施用生物质炭和优化灌溉等几种措施均能有效降低N2O排放。由于温室菜地集约化程度更高，N2O减排效果明显。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to identify the contribution of vegetable production to nitrous oxide(N2O)emissions and mitigation potentials in China, we assessed N2O emissions from both fertilized open-field and greenhouse systems by integrating in-situ field observations from published literatures. A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of optimization measures such as nitrogen(N)reduction, nitrification inhibitor application, organic fertilizer substitution, biochar amendment and optimized irrigation on N2O mitigation potentials for vegetable ecosystems. Results indicated that N fertilizer application significantly increased N2O emissions though improved vegetable yield. Greenhouse production systems greatly decreased N2O emission factors and yield-scaled N2O emissions under high N amendment as compared to the open-field production system. Relative to the local farmer's practices, various optimization measures significantly decreased N2O emissions to varying degrees, such as 49.4% for reduced N fertilization, 33.2% for nitrification inhibitor, 26.6% for organic fertilizer substitution, 29.1% for biochar amendment and 34.3% for optimized irrigation, being 36.6% by average. Organic fertilizer substitution decreased both N2O emission factor and yield-scaled N2O emissions, especially under high N application inputs. N2O emissions decreased with the reduction of N fertilizer application rate while the N2O mitigating effects showed greater potentials under low N inputs. Optimized irrigation decreased N2O emissions across all N inputs, while nitrification inhibitor and biochar amendment had greater mitigation potentials under low N inputs. Various optimization measures such as nitrogen(N)reduction, nitrification inhibitor application, organic fertilizer substitution, biochar amendment and optimized irrigation manifested great potentials in mitigating N2O emissions from both open-field and greenhouse vegetable ecosystems while maintaining yields in China. Due to the higher intensification, greenhouse vegetable ecosystems presented greater mitigation consequences. |
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