| 孙乐妮,郭迎雪,侯雪婷,庄杰,杨章泽,陈兆进,田伟.镉耐性固定细菌的筛选及其对不同品种小麦镉吸收的阻控效应[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(9):1878-1887. |
| 镉耐性固定细菌的筛选及其对不同品种小麦镉吸收的阻控效应 |
| Effect of cadmium-tolerant and immobilizing bacteria on cadmium uptake in different wheat cultivars |
| 投稿时间：2020-03-16 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-0291 |
| 中文关键词: 镉耐性固定细菌 吸附 镉积累 小麦 |
| 英文关键词: cadmium-tolerant and -immobilizing bacteria adsorption cadmium accumulation wheat |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41601332）；安徽省自然科学基金项目（2008085MD120）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目（GYZX200202）；国家级及省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目（201810364076，201910364177） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为筛选重金属耐性固定细菌并探索其阻控小麦对重金属的积累效应，从根际土壤筛选镉耐性固定细菌，研究细菌吸附特性以及细菌对两种小麦Cd含量、富集系数和转移系数的影响。结果表明：筛选到一株镉耐性固定细菌菌株YM4，经16S rDNA序列分析鉴定为假单胞菌（Pseudomonas sp.）。YM4能耐受225 mg·L-1高浓度Cd2+，在含50 mg·L-1 Cd2+培养基中对Cd的去除率达到58.9%。YM4对Cd的去除以胞外吸附为主。红外光谱分析发现，细胞壁上参与吸附或结合Cd的官能基团主要有-OH、-NH、羧基和磷酸基团等。小麦盆栽试验中，YM4显著降低小麦地上部（茎叶、麦壳）Cd积累量（11.31%~46.05%和10.12%~42.22%），使籽粒Cd积累量明显下降（26.79%~62.24%，红麦；25.27%~28.99%，白麦）。YM4能显著降低两种小麦茎叶、籽粒和麦壳的Cd富集系数以及籽粒的Cd转移系数。研究表明，镉耐性固定细菌Pseudomonas sp.YM4能降低小麦籽粒Cd含量，阻控小麦对Cd的吸收积累，对中轻度Cd污染土壤的粮食安全生产具有潜在应用价值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the effect of heavy metal-tolerant and -immobilizing bacteria on heavy metal accumulation in wheat, Cd-tolerant and -immobilizing bacteria were screened from rhizosphere soil. The adsorption characteristics and effect of inoculation with the strain on cadmium content, bioaccumulation, and transfer factor in two wheat cultivars were assessed. The results showed Cd-tolerant and -immobilizing bacteria strain YM4, which was identified as Pseudomonas sp. YM4, could grow at high Cd2+ concentration(225 mg·L-1) and reduce the concentrations of water-soluble Cd in the solution by 58.9%. Extracellular adsorption was the main mode for Cd removal. Infrared spectrum analysis showed that the functional groups involved in the biosorption process mainly included -OH, -NH, carboxyl groups, and -PO4. In the pot experiment, YM4 significantly reduced the accumulation of Cd(11.31%~46.05%, 10.12%~42.22%)in the upper parts of the wheat(straw and husk), especially the grains(red wheat:26.79%~62.24% and white wheat:25.27%~28.99%). YM4 significantly reduced the accumulation coefficients of the straw, grain, and husk as well as the transfer coefficients of the grain in the two wheat varieties. In summary, Cd-tolerant and -immobilizing bacteria Pseudomonas sp. YM4 can reduce the content of Cd in wheat grain, prevent its accumulation in wheat,and provide important bacterial resources for safe crop production in moderately and mildly Cd-contaminated soil. |
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