| 赵兵,王宇蕴,陈雪娇,徐智.磷石膏和石膏对稻壳与油枯堆肥的影响及基质化利用评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(10):2481-2488. |
| 磷石膏和石膏对稻壳与油枯堆肥的影响及基质化利用评价 |
| Effect of phosphogypsum and gypsum as conditioners on rice husk and oil cake composting process and evaluation of their physicochemical character as a substrate |
| 投稿时间：2020-05-16 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-0558 |
| 中文关键词: 堆肥 基质 稻壳 磷石膏 石膏 |
| 英文关键词: composting substrate rice husk phosphogypsum gypsum |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0800607）；国家自然科学基金项目（31760609）；云南农业大学自然科学青年科研基金项目（A2006097）；云南省万人计划青年拔尖人才项目 |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 1595 |
| 全文下载次数: 1614 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 以稻壳为主要原料，油枯为氮源，研究调理剂（磷石膏和石膏）对稻壳堆肥发酵过程的影响，并从基质化利用的角度评价磷石膏和石膏对稻壳基质化利用的作用，探讨稻壳通过堆肥方式直接基质化利用的可能。分别添加基于有机物料干质量20%的磷石膏（T2）和石膏（T3）作为调理剂，不添加调理剂作为对照（T1），采用好氧堆肥工艺对堆肥进程中温度、pH、EC、水溶性铵态氮（NH4+-N）、水溶性硝态氮（NO3--N）以及堆肥产物容重、孔隙度等理化指标进行研究。结果表明：按照各处理高温期堆肥无害化的要求，磷石膏和石膏的添加能促进堆肥后期种子发芽指数（GI值）的上升，促进堆肥腐熟化进程；堆肥结束后，磷石膏和石膏显著增加了堆肥产物的容重，T2、T3处理的容重显著高于T1处理（P<0.01），但T2、T3处理间无显著差异（P>0.05）；磷石膏的添加能极显著降低堆肥产物的pH（P<0.01），而石膏的添加极显著增加了堆肥产物的pH（P<0.01）；磷石膏的添加显著降低堆肥产物水溶性NH4+-N含量，显著增加水溶性NO3--N含量（P<0.01）；T2处理的容重、通气孔隙度和持水孔隙度等指标均满足《蔬菜育苗基质》（NY/T 2118—2012）标准要求。研究表明，在稻壳-油枯堆肥体系中添加20%的磷石膏和石膏，均能够促进堆肥腐熟进程，实现堆体发酵腐熟，添加20%磷石膏的发酵产物满足基质对容重、pH及孔隙度的要求，适宜作为蔬菜育苗基质。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As composting conditioners, phosphogypsum and gypsum can increase the volume weight of loose material composting. At the same time, phosphogypsum also reduces the pH of composting products. The effects of phosphogypsum and gypsum on the utilization of rice husk matrix was evaluated from the perspective of substrate utilization, and the possibility of direct substrate utilization of rice husk by composting was discussed. Dry weight of 20% of phosphorus gypsum(T2)and gypsum(T3)were added as a conditioner to the test samples, and no conditioner was added to control(T1). The physical and chemical indexes such as temperature, pH, EC, water-soluble ammonium nitrogen(NH4+-N), water-soluble nitrate nitrogen(NO3--N), bulk density, and porosity of compost products were studied by aerobic composting. According to the requirements of composting harmless in the high temperature period of each treatment, the addition of phosphogypsum and gypsum can increase the seed germination index(GI value)in the late composting period and promote the composting and maturity process. At the end of the composting process, phosphogypsum and gypsum(T2 and T3 treatments)significantly increased the volume weight of composting products compared to that of the control(T1 treatment)(P<0.01). There was no significant difference between T2 and T3 treatments(P>0.05). The addition of phosphogypsum could significantly reduce the pH value of composting products(P<0.01), while the addition of gypsum could significantly increase the pH value of the composting products(P<0.01). The addition of phosphogypsum could also significantly reduce the content of water-soluble NH4+-N and increase the content of water-soluble NO3--N of the composting product(P<0.01). The weight density, venting porosity, and water holding porosity of the added phosphogypsum(T2 treatment) met the standard requirements of the vegetable seedling matrix(NY/T 2118-2012). Hence, the addition of 20% of phosphogypsum and gypsum to the rice husk-canola residue composting system can promote the composting and maturity process and complete the fermentation and maturity of the heap. The fermentation product on addition of 20% phosphogypsum in the rice husk composting system satisfies the requirements for volume weight, pH, and porosity in the substrate, and is a suitable substrate for vegetable seedlings. |
| HTML
查看全文
查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
|
|
|
