| 王旭莲,刘鸿雁,周显勇,罗凯,于恩江,冉晓追.地质高背景区马铃薯安全生产的土壤镉风险阈值[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(2):355-363. |
| 地质高背景区马铃薯安全生产的土壤镉风险阈值 |
| Risk threshold for soil cadmium, based on potato quality in a high geological background area |
| 投稿时间：2020-08-24 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-0988 |
| 中文关键词: 马铃薯 土壤 Cd 风险阈值 地球化学高背景 |
| 英文关键词: potato soil cadmium risk threshold high geochemical background |
| 基金项目:贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合后补助[2020]3001）；国家自然科学基金项目（42067028） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨我国西南喀斯特镉（Cd）地球化学高背景区马铃薯的安全生产，以贵州省5个县区105对土壤样品及对应马铃薯样品为试验材料，以食品安全污染物限量为标准（GB 2762—2017，Cd<0.1 mg·kg-1），利用回归模型推导基于马铃薯质量安全的土壤Cd风险阈值。结果表明：赫章县（HZ）和威宁县（WN）采样区土壤总Cd全部超过了土壤环境质量标准GB 15618—2018中农用地土壤污染风险筛选值，分别有92.3%和77.4%超过管制值，土壤处于中度到重度污染水平；长顺县（CS）和册亨县（CH）分别有80%和50%的土壤超过筛选值，但未超过管制值，土壤处于地质高背景的无污染水平。马铃薯Cd的点位超标率为17.1%，超标倍数仅为0.01~1.11倍，主要分布在WN；马铃薯Cd与土壤总Cd和有效态Cd的相关系数分别为0.587和0.755，均呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）。回归模型模拟基于马铃薯Cd限量标准（pH≤6.5、6.57.5）的土壤总Cd风险阈值分别为4.30、7.34、9.39 mg·kg-1，土壤有效态Cd阈值分别为0.22、0.02、0.01 mg·kg-1；黔西北HZ和WN的污染土壤总Cd风险阈值分别为5.11、7.75、9.39 mg·kg-1。研究区土壤Cd超标严重，马铃薯超标率相对较低，超标倍数小，基于马铃薯质量安全的土壤Cd风险阈值是农用地土壤污染风险管制值的2倍以上；基于本研究，现行的农用地土壤Cd标准应用于喀斯特地区较为严格。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To ensure the cleaner cultivation of potatoes in Karst region with a high geochemical background of cadmium(Cd)in southwest China, by using a total of 105 pairs of soil samples and corresponding potatoes were sourced from 5 counties of Guizhou Province as the test materials, taking the national food safety standards limits of pollutants for foods(GB 2762-2017, Cd<0.1 mg·kg-1)as the measure, we used the statistical regression model to derive the soil threshold values of total and available cadmium based on potato safety production. The results showed that the total Cd content of soil in the Hezhang County(HZ)and Weining County(WN)sampling areas exceeded the Chinese environmental quality standard for soil(GB 15618-2018), 92.3% of soil samples exceeded the screening value of agricultural land, and 77.4% of soil samples exceeded the control value and the soil was at the level of moderate to severe pollution. 80% soils in Changshun County(CS)and 50% in Ceheng County(CH)exceeded the screened value but not the regulated value, and the soil was at the level of no pollution in a geological high background area. The point position superstandard rate of potato Cd was 17.1%, and the superstandard multiple varied between 0.01 and 1.11, mainly distributed in WN. The correlation coefficients between potato Cd and soil Cd, as well as available Cd were 0.587 and 0.755, respectively, both showing strong positive correlation(P<0.01). The regression model simulated the risk thresholds of soil Cd based on the potato Cd limit standard were 4.30, 7.34 mg·kg-1, and 9.39 mg·kg-1 on soils with pH ≤ 6.5, 6.57.5, respectively; the corresponding thresholds of soil available Cd were 0.22, 0.02 mg·kg-1, and 0.01 mg·kg-1, respectively. The total Cd risk thresholds of contaminated soils simulated by HZ and WN in northwest Guizhou Province were 5.11(pH ≤ 6.5), 7.75(6.57.5)mg·kg-1, respectively. The risk threshold of soil Cd based on potato safety production is more than twice the risk control value of soil pollution in agricultural land, so the current soil Cd standard of agricultural land is applied strictly in the karst areas. |
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