| 毛志强,田康,刘本乐,张晓辉,卞子金,黄标,袁旭音,吴龙华,罗栋源.广西某采选废矿区重金属生态风险与源汇关系[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(5):987-998. |
| 广西某采选废矿区重金属生态风险与源汇关系 |
| Ecological risks of heavy metals and the relationship between sources and sinks in an abandoned mining area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region |
| 投稿时间：2020-11-19 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-1338 |
| 中文关键词: 多介质样品 重金属 来源解析 生态风险 源汇通量 |
| 英文关键词: multimedia sample heavy metals source analysis ecological risk source-sink flux |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC1802600） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 毛志强 | 河海大学环境学院, 南京 210098
中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所), 南京 210008 | | | 田康 | 中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所), 南京 210008 | tiank@issas.ac.cn | | 刘本乐 | 中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所), 南京 210008 | | | 张晓辉 | 河海大学环境学院, 南京 210098
中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所), 南京 210008 | | | 卞子金 | 中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所), 南京 210008 | | | 黄标 | 中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所), 南京 210008 | | | 袁旭音 | 河海大学环境学院, 南京 210098 | | | 吴龙华 | 中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所), 南京 210008 | | | 罗栋源 | 广西壮族自治区环境保护科学研究院, 南宁 530022 | ivanldy@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究废矿区对周边环境介质的影响及量化农田土壤重金属的来源贡献，并估算重金属源汇通量，系统采集广西南丹县某多金属废矿区及其下游影响区的尾矿、农田土壤和河流沉积物样品共151个，测定重金属（Cr、Ni、Cu、Cd、Zn、As、Sn、Sb和Pb）含量，并对研究区重金属的污染特征、农田土壤重金属来源、生态风险、源汇通量进行探析。结果表明：尾矿和沉积物中重金属含量几何均值（除Cr、Ni外）显著高于农田土壤，且3种介质中重金属含量几何均值均超出背景值。研究区农田土壤Cr和Ni的来源主要为成土母质，上游Cu、Cd、Zn、As、Sn、Sb和Pb的来源主要为上游废矿区尾矿，下游Cu、Sn、Sb和Pb的来源主要为废弃选厂尾矿（贡献量分别为85.11%、92.04%、64.15%和57.57%），Cd、Zn、As的来源主要为上游废矿区尾矿（贡献量分别为59.28%、59.61%和93.81%）。农田土壤及沉积物中主要污染元素为Sn和Sb。农田土壤及沉积物生态风险较高（RI>300），Cd、As和Sb是主要生态风险因子。上游农田土壤Cu、Cd、Zn、As、Sn、Sb、Pb输入量分别为132、3、1 348、302、139、149、238 kg·hm-2，下游Cu、Cd、Zn、As、Sn、Sb、Pb输入量分别为36、2、746、177、271、211、455 kg·hm-2。多金属废矿区及其下游影响区的重金属源汇关系应得到重视，相关部门应针对不同介质和区域的污染现状加强重金属的污染防治和风险管理，并对尾矿进行源头管控。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the influence of an abandoned mining area on the surrounding environmental media, quantify the contributions of heavy metals(HMs) in farmland soils, and estimate the source and sink fluxes of HMs, a typical polymetallic abandoned mining area and its downstream area in Nandan County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were selected as the study areas. A total of 151 samples of tailings(16), farmland soils(113), and river sediments(22) were collected, and 9 typical HMs(Cr, Ni, Cu, Cd, Zn, As, Sn, Sb, and Pb) were determined in these multimedia samples. The pollution statuses of the HMs were assessed using the geo-accumulation index and potential ecological risk index(RI). The source apportionment of HMs in farmland was explored using an absolute principal component multiple linear regression and the relative importance of the variables. The source and sink fluxes of HMs were also calculated in the study area. The results showed that the geometric means of the HM contents in tailings and sediments(except for Cr and Ni) were significantly higher than those in farmland soils, and those in the three media exceeded the background values. Cr and Ni in the farmland soils mainly originated from natural sources. Cu, Cd, Zn, As, Sn, Sb, and Pb in the farmland soils of the upstream area mainly originated from upstream abandoned mine tailings. In farmland soils of the downstream area, Cu, Sn, Sb, and Pb mainly originated from downstream abandoned dressing plant tailings(contributions of 85.11%, 92.04%, 64.15%, and 57.57%, respectively), whereas Cd, Zn, and As mainly originated from upstream abandoned mine tailings(contributions of 59.28%, 59.61%, and 93.81%, respectively). The main pollution elements in the farmland soils and sediments in the study areas were Sn and Sb. The farmland soils and sediments exhibited relatively high ecological risks in both areas(RI>300), and the main ecological risk factors were Cd, As, and Sb. Farmland soils were major sinks of HMs because the input fluxes of Cu, Cd, Zn, As, Sn, Sb, and Pb in the upstream and downstream farmland soils were 132, 3, 1 348, 302, 139, 149 kg·hm-2, and 238 kg·hm-2 and 36, 2, 746, 177, 271, 211 kg·hm-2, and 455 kg·hm-2, respectively. In conclusion, the tailings as the main sources of HMs still contain a large amount of HMs and have a high potential to release HMs. Thus, more attention should be paid to the source-sink relationships of HMs in multimedia samples in abandoned polymetallic mining areas. Relevant departments should strengthen the pollution prevention and risk management of HMs according to the pollution status of different media and regions and ensure tailing control. |
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