改性棕榈树纤维生物质炭的制备及其对溶液中Pb<sup>2+</sup>的吸附性能分析

温嘉伟; 王辉; 张浩; 姜军

文章摘要

温嘉伟,王辉,张浩,姜军.改性棕榈树纤维生物质炭的制备及其对溶液中Pb²⁺的吸附性能分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(5):1088-1096.

改性棕榈树纤维生物质炭的制备及其对溶液中Pb²⁺的吸附性能分析

Preparation of modified palm fiber biochars and their adsorption of Pb²⁺ in solution

投稿时间：2020-10-29

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2020-1252

中文关键词: 棕榈树纤维生物质炭负载改性吸附 Pb²⁺

英文关键词: palm fiber biochar load modification adsorption Pb²⁺

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41471256）；河南省科技攻关项目（192102110050）

作者	单位	E-mail
温嘉伟	河南科技大学化工与制药学院, 河南洛阳 471023
王辉	河南科技大学化工与制药学院, 河南洛阳 471023	wanghui_peony@163.com
张浩	河南科技大学化工与制药学院, 河南洛阳 471023
姜军	中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008

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中文摘要:

为提高生物质炭对重金属的吸附性能，以棕榈树纤维为原材料制备了棕榈树纤维生物质炭（NPB）、KOH活化正交优化生物质炭（PB）及负载改性纳米二氧化硅生物质炭（PBS）。分别采用红外光谱、扫描电镜等对制备的生物质炭进行表征，比较了其碘吸附值大小及对水中Pb²⁺的吸附效果，并分析了吸附动力学和等温吸附特性。结果表明：PB、PBS较NPB增加了表面吸附位点，比表面积、总孔体积及最大吸附容量显著增加，PB吸附Pb²⁺的过程符合准二级动力学模型，PBS吸附Pb²⁺的过程符合准一级动力学模型，PB、PBS对Pb²⁺的最大吸附容量分别为110.89、151.63 mg·g^-1；通过比较Langmuir和Freundlich模型拟合方程相关参数可知，PB、PBS对Pb²⁺的吸附过程为匀质、单双层同时进行，更加符合Langmuir方程。研究表明，PBS对Pb²⁺的吸附性能最好（较PB吸附性能提升了1.37倍），负载改性效果显著，具有良好的应用潜力。

英文摘要:

In order to improve the heavy metal adsorption performance of biochars, we prepared palm fiber biochar(NPB), KOH-activated orthogonal optimized biochar(PB), and loaded modified nano silica biochar(PBS) from palm fiber as a raw material. The prepared biochars were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and iodine adsorption values and Pb²⁺ adsorption properties in water were compared. We also analyzed adsorption kinetics and isothermal adsorption characteristics. The results showed that compared with NPB, PB and PBS had a significantly larger number of surface adsorption sites and significantly higher specific surface area, total pore volume, and maximum adsorption capacity. The Pb²⁺ adsorption process of PB corresponded to a quasi-second-order kinetic model, whereas that of PBS was in line with a quasi-first-order kinetic model. The maximum Pb²⁺ adsorption capacities of PB and PBS were 110.89 mg·g^-1 and 151.63 mg·g^-1, respectively. Furthermore, a comparison of the parameters of Langmuir and Freundlich model fitting equations indicated that the adsorption process of Pb and PBS on Pb²⁺ is homogeneous, with single and double layers simultaneously, which is more consistent with the Langmuir equation. The findings of this study indicate that PBS has the best Pb²⁺ adsorption performance among the assessed biochars, which is 1.37 times higher than that PB, and has a significant load modification effect. Accordingly, the PBS biochar would have good application potential.

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