不同水分对半干旱地区砂壤土温室气体排放的短期影响

李平; 魏玮; 郎漫

文章摘要

李平,魏玮,郎漫.不同水分对半干旱地区砂壤土温室气体排放的短期影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(5):1124-1132.

不同水分对半干旱地区砂壤土温室气体排放的短期影响

Short-term effects of different soil moisture contents on greenhouse gas emissions from sandy loam soil in semi-arid regions

投稿时间：2020-11-27

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-1377

中文关键词: 土壤水分砂壤土 N₂O CO₂ CH₄

英文关键词: soil moisture sandy loam N₂O CO₂ CH₄

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41301345,41101284）

作者	单位	E-mail
李平	南京信息工程大学, 江苏省农业气象重点实验室, 南京 210044 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044
魏玮	南京信息工程大学, 江苏省农业气象重点实验室, 南京 210044 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044
郎漫	南京信息工程大学, 江苏省农业气象重点实验室, 南京 210044 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044	mlang@nuist.edu.cn

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中文摘要:

为探明不同水分条件对土壤排放温室气体的短期影响，本研究以黑龙江省半干旱地区的砂壤土为对象，通过室内培养试验研究60%田间最大持水量（WHC）、100% WHC和淹水条件下土壤中N₂O、CO₂和CH₄的排放规律。结果表明：与60% WHC处理相比，土壤水分含量增加至100% WHC对净硝化速率没有显著影响，但显著促进了N₂O的排放，平均排放速率（0.109 mg N₂O-N·kg^-1·d^-1）是60% WHC处理（0.014 mg N₂O-N·kg^-1·d^-1）的7.8倍。淹水处理显著抑制了硝化作用的进行，但显著促进了N₂O的排放，平均排放速率（0.419 mg N₂O-N·kg^-1·d^-1）分别为60% WHC和100% WHC处理的29.9倍和3.8倍。60% WHC处理土壤CO₂和CH₄平均排放速率分别为9.92 mg CO₂-C·kg^-1·d^-1和2.99 μg CH₄-C·kg^-1·d^-1，土壤水分含量增加至100% WHC对CO₂和CH₄排放速率没有显著影响。淹水处理土壤CO₂和CH₄平均排放速率分别为12.7 mg CO₂-C·kg^-1·d^-1和5.14 μg CH₄-C·kg^-1·d^-1，显著高于60% WHC和100% WHC处理。研究表明，半干旱地区砂壤土应注意田间水分管理，避免短期淹涝，以减少温室气体排放。

英文摘要:

To explore the short-term effects of different soil moisture conditions on greenhouse gas emissions from the soil, an incubation experiment under 60% water holding capacity(WHC), 100% WHC, and flooding conditions was conducted at the laboratory to study the regularity of N₂O, CO₂, and CH₄ emissions from sandy loam soil in the semi-arid region of Heilongjiang Province, China. The results showed that increasing the soil moisture content to 100% WHC had no significant effect on net nitrification rate but significantly promoted N₂O emission, as compared to the 60% WHC treatment. The average N₂O emission rate in the 100% WHC treatment(0.109 mg N₂O-N·kg^-1·d^-1) was 7.8 times that of 60% WHC treatment(0.014 mg N₂O-N·kg^-1·d^-1). Flooding significantly inhibited nitrification, whereas the emission of N₂O was increased to a dramatically high level with an average N₂O emission rate of 0.419 mg N₂O-N·kg^-1·d^-1, which was 29.9 and 3.8 times that of the 60% WHC and 100% WHC treatments, respectively. The average emission rates of CO₂ and CH₄ in the 60% WHC treatment were 9.92 mg CO₂-C·kg^-1·d^-1 and 2.99 μg CH₄-C·kg^-1·d^-1, respectively. Increasing soil moisture content to 100% WHC had no significant effect on emission rates of CO₂, and CH₄ in sandy loam soil. The average emission rates of CO₂ and CH₄ in the flooding treatment were 12.7 mg CO₂-C·kg^-1·d^-1 and 5.14 μg CH₄-C·kg^-1·d^-1, respectively, which were significantly higher than the 60% WHC and 100% WHC treatments. The results indicate that attention should be paid to field water management for sandy loam soil in semi-arid regions, and short-term flooding should be avoided to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

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