| 肖家昶,郑开敏,马俊英,郑阳霞.外源NO对铝胁迫下西瓜幼苗生长及生理特性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(8):1650-1658. |
| 外源NO对铝胁迫下西瓜幼苗生长及生理特性的影响 |
| Effects of exogenous NO on growth and physiological characteristics of watermelon seedlings under aluminum stress |
| 投稿时间：2021-02-03 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-0145 |
| 中文关键词: 西瓜 NO 铝胁迫 生理特性 营养元素含量 |
| 英文关键词: watermelon NO stress of aluminum physiological characteristics nutrient content |
| 基金项目:四川省科技厅项目（2019ZHFP0268） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1333 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究外源NO对西瓜铝胁迫的缓解作用，以高浓度的铝胁迫（1 200 μmol·L-1）下西瓜品种早佳84-24为试验材料，以外源硝普钠（SNP）为NO供体，研究不同浓度SNP（50、100、200、500 μmol·L-1）对铝胁迫下西瓜幼苗的生长及生理特性影响。结果表明，铝胁迫下西瓜幼苗的生长受到了抑制，西瓜叶片细胞膜透性显著增大，膜脂过氧化的产物丙二醛（MDA）增加了14.18%，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）含量均显著降低，可溶性糖、脯氨酸含量显著上升。铝胁迫导致叶片中叶绿素含量显著降低，并影响西瓜叶片中营养元素的含量，使铝离子大量累积，最终导致光合速率下降，幼苗光合作用能力减弱。适当添加外源NO（50 μmol·L-1）后西瓜铝毒害得到缓解，叶片中MDA含量显著降低了12.64%，SOD、POD、CAT酶含量显著升高，脯氨酸含量显著升高，通过调节活性氧代谢来维持细胞结构功能稳定。添加外源NO（50 μmol·L-1）显著降低铝元素在叶片中的积累，促进了叶片中叶绿素含量升高，使西瓜幼苗光合能力显著增强。当NO浓度为500 μmol·L-1时反而对西瓜具有毒害作用，地上、地下部生物量分别降低了28.26%与3.57%，说明NO作用具有双重性。铝胁迫对西瓜生长、抗氧化酶、渗透调节物质、光合参数等生理特性均产生了抑制作用，而适当外施NO能缓解铝胁迫下西瓜的生理损伤，促进西瓜幼苗的生长。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To alleviate the effect of exogenous NO on aluminum stress in watermelon, the effects of different concentrations of exogenous nitroprune(SNP) (50, 100, 200, and 500 μmol·L-1) on the growth and physiological characteristics of watermelon seedlings under high concentrations of aluminum stress(1 200 μmol·L-1) were studied using the Zaojia 84-24 watermelon variety as experimental material and SNP as NO donors. The results showed that the watermelon seedling growth under aluminum stress was depressed; watermelon leaf cell membrane permeability increased significantly; the product of membrane lipid peroxide malondialdehyde(MDA) increased by 14.18%; superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD), and catalase(CAT) levels were significantly reduced; and soluble sugar and proline contents increased noticeably. Aluminum stress led to a significant decrease in chlorophyll content in leaves and affected the content of nutrient elements in watermelon leaves, resulting in a significant accumulation of aluminum ions; this eventually led to a decline in the photosynthetic rate and the seedling's weakened photosynthetic capacity. After the addition of exogenous NO(50 μmol·L-1), the aluminum toxicity of watermelon was alleviated; the MDA content in the leaves was significantly decreased by 12.64%; the contents of SOD, POD, and CAT were increased; and the proline content was significantly increased, to regulate the metabolism of reactive oxygen species and maintain the stability of cell structure and function. Moreover, the accumulation of aluminum in leaves was significantly decreased. The chlorophyll content in leaves was increased, significantly enhancing the photosynthetic capacity of watermelon seedlings. When the concentration of NO was 500 μmol·L-1, it had a toxic effect on watermelon, and the biomass of aboveground and underground parts decreased by 28.26% and 3.57%, respectively, indicating that the duality effect of NO. Aluminum stress inhibited watermelon growth, antioxidant enzymes, osmotic regulatory substances, photosynthetic parameters, and other physiological characteristics. At the same time, the appropriate external application of NO could alleviate the physiological damage of watermelon under aluminum stress and promote the growth of watermelon seedlings. |
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