| 程娟,付莉,翟中葳,肖能武,杨柳,刘福元,杜会英,杜连柱,张克强.化肥减施下粪水替代对设施白菜氮利用与土壤氮盈余的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2021,40(11):2551-2558. |
| 化肥减施下粪水替代对设施白菜氮利用与土壤氮盈余的影响 |
| Effects of fertilizer reduction on Chinese cabbage yield and soil nitrogen surplus |
| 投稿时间：2021-09-07 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-1033 |
| 中文关键词: 化肥减施 粪水替代 设施白菜 产量 氮素盈余 |
| 英文关键词: chemical fertilizer reduction pig farm slurry Chinese cabbage yield N surplus |
| 基金项目:兵团重点领域科技攻关计划项目（2019AB028）；中国农业科学院科技创新工程协同创新任务（CAAS-XTCX2016015）；中国农业科学院科技创新工程 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为促进丹江口水源涵养区绿色发展，提升氮素利用率，控制农业面源污染，利用田间小区试验，研究化肥减施及减施下粪水替代对设施白菜产量、土壤无机氮累积量及氮素盈余的影响。结果表明，化肥减施20%对设施白菜产量影响不显著，相同施氮量下粪水替代白菜产量显著高于化肥减施处理，可以提高白菜对氮的利用能力。土壤硝态氮累积量随种植茬数的增加呈增加趋势，且显著高于土壤铵态氮累积量。化肥减施处理氮素盈余量较常规施肥处理降低了23.38%，化肥减施粪水替代处理氮素盈余量比常规施肥处理降低了29.24%~30.65%，氮素盈余量与土壤有机质含量和土壤硝态氮累积量呈显著正相关。研究表明，化肥减施下粪水替代在保证设施白菜产量的同时，提高了氮素利用率，是降低氮素盈余的有效措施。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To promote the green development of the Danjiangkou water conservation area, improve nitrogen use efficiency, and control agricultural non-point pollution, the effects of fertilizer reduction on Chinese cabbage yield, soil inorganic nitrogen, and nitrogen balance were studied using a field plot experiment. The results showed that the effect of 20% fertilizer reduction on Chinese cabbage yield was not significant, and there were no significant differences between treatments with pig farm slurry replacing chemical fertilizer and chemical fertilizer reduction at the same N application rate. The accumulation of soil nitrate N increased over the season and was significantly higher than the accumulation of soil ammonia N. Compared with that of conventional fertilization, the N surplus in the chemical fertilizer reduction treatment decreased by 23.38%, whereas that in the pig farm slurry treatment decreased by 29.24%~30.65%. In addition, N surplus was positively correlated with soil organic matter and nitrate N accumulation. In conclusion, chemical fertilizer reduction combined with pig farm slurry is an effective measure for reducing N surplus and increasing N use efficiency while ensuring Chinese cabbage yield. |
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