| 张昕,张长波,黄永春,王常荣,薛卫杰,刘仲齐.水稻营养器官镉积累特性对稻米镉含量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(4):707-715. |
| 水稻营养器官镉积累特性对稻米镉含量的影响 |
| Effects of characteristics of cadmium accumulation in vegetative organs on cadmium content in rice |
| 投稿时间：2021-08-22 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-0945 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻 镉 离体稻穗 离体叶片 转移因子 叶绿素 |
| 英文关键词: rice cadmium detached panicle detached leave transport factor chlorophyll |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0801100）；中国农科院科技创新工程项目（CAAS-XTCX2016018） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 张昕 | 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室, 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | | | 张长波 | 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室, 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | | | 黄永春 | 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室, 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | | | 王常荣 | 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室, 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | | | 薛卫杰 | 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室, 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | | | 刘仲齐 | 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室, 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | liuzhongqi508@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了明确水稻营养器官对镉的拦截作用，对3个水稻基因型关键器官的镉积累特性进行了比较研究。盆栽试验结果表明：高镉积累型水稻T优705茎基部（蘖节）、穗轴和籽粒的镉含量及穗轴向籽粒转运镉的比例显著高于低镉积累型水稻朝阳1号B和湘早籼24。稻穗在含镉0.9~4.5 μmol·L-1的Hoagland营养液中灌浆时，T优705籽粒基部拦截镉的能力最弱，稻米镉含量（y）和穗轴中的镉含量（x）呈显著线性相关（y=ax+b），穗轴中的镉含量每增加1.0 mg，朝阳1号B、湘早籼24和T优705稻米中的镉含量分别增加0.01、0.11 mg和0.14 mg。在0.9~18.0 μmol·L-1的镉溶液中，进入离体叶片的镉离子数量直接决定着叶绿素的衰减速率，镉含量每增加1.0 mg，朝阳1号B和湘早籼24的叶绿素含量降低0.02 mg左右，而T优705的叶绿素含量只降低0.01 mg。在相同的镉胁迫环境中，T优705离体叶片的氧化损伤程度较轻，释放的O2-和H2O2数量显著少于朝阳1号B和湘早籼24。这些结果表明，低镉积累型水稻籽粒基部对镉的拦截能力强，叶片耐镉性差，而高镉积累型水稻籽粒基部对镉的拦截能力弱，叶片耐镉性强；离体稻穗的镉转运特性和离体叶片的耐镉能力可以作为快速筛选低镉积累水稻品种的重要依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To clarify the inhibiting ability of vegetative organs on the transport of cadmium, the characteristics of cadmium accumulation in key organs of three genotypes of rice were studied. The results of a pot experiment showed that cadmium contents in basal stems, panicles, and grains, and the transfer factor of cadmium from basal stems to panicles of T You 705 were higher than those of Zhaoyang 1B and Xiangzaoxian 24. When detached panicles were cultured in Hoagland solution with 0.9~4.5 μmol·L?1 cadmium, the cadmium content in grains and panicles showed a significant linear correlation. As the cadmium content increased by 1.0 mg, the cadmium content in the grains of Zhaoyang 1B, Xiangzaoxian 24, and T You 705 increased by 0.01, 0.11 mg, and 0.14 mg, respectively. The basal grains of T You 705 had the weakest ability to intercept cadmium. The amount of cadmium ions that entered detached leaves directly determined the decay rate of chlorophyll. When detached leaves were exposed to a 0.9~18.0 μmol·L?1 cadmium solution, the chlorophyll contents of Zhaoyang 1B and Xiangzaoxian 24 decreased about 0.02 mg for every 1.0 mg of cadmium absorbed by the detached leaves. The chlorophyll content of T You 705 decreased 0.01 mg under the same condition. Under the same cadmium stress environment, the degree of oxidative damage of T You 705 was weakest, and the amount of O2-and H2O2 released was significantly less than in Zhaoyang 1B and Xiangzaoxian 24. These results indicate that the cadmium interception ability of basal grains in low cadmium-accumulating varieties is stronger than the ability in high cadmium-accumulating varieties and that leaves of low cadmium-accumulating varieties are more sensitive to cadmium stress than leaves of high cadmium-accumulating varieties. The cadmium transport characteristics of detached panicles and the cadmium tolerance of detached leaves can be used as criteria for screening low accumulation genotypes. |
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