蚯蚓对不同pH值土壤中铬赋存及细菌群落的影响特征

王浩羽; 韦杰; 孙进宇; 宋言; 顾强; 宓文海; 居静; 赵海涛; 封克

文章摘要

王浩羽,韦杰,孙进宇,宋言,顾强,宓文海,居静,赵海涛,封克.蚯蚓对不同pH值土壤中铬赋存及细菌群落的影响特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(7):1472-1482.

蚯蚓对不同pH值土壤中铬赋存及细菌群落的影响特征

Effects of earthworms on the occurrence of chromium and bacterial communities in soils with different pH values

投稿时间：2021-11-02

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2021-1260

中文关键词: 赤子爱胜蚓土壤 pH值铬形态细菌群落

英文关键词: Eisenia fetida soil pH value chromium form bacterial community

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31000939)

作者	单位	E-mail
王浩羽	扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏扬州 225127 江苏省扬州农业环境安全技术服务中心, 江苏扬州 225127 农业农村部耕地质量监测与评价重点实验室, 江苏扬州 225127
韦杰	扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏扬州 225127 江苏省扬州农业环境安全技术服务中心, 江苏扬州 225127 农业农村部耕地质量监测与评价重点实验室, 江苏扬州 225127
孙进宇	扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏扬州 225127 江苏省扬州农业环境安全技术服务中心, 江苏扬州 225127 农业农村部耕地质量监测与评价重点实验室, 江苏扬州 225127
宋言	扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏扬州 225127 江苏省扬州农业环境安全技术服务中心, 江苏扬州 225127 农业农村部耕地质量监测与评价重点实验室, 江苏扬州 225127
顾强	扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏扬州 225127 江苏省扬州农业环境安全技术服务中心, 江苏扬州 225127 农业农村部耕地质量监测与评价重点实验室, 江苏扬州 225127
宓文海	扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏扬州 225127 江苏省扬州农业环境安全技术服务中心, 江苏扬州 225127 农业农村部耕地质量监测与评价重点实验室, 江苏扬州 225127
居静	扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏扬州 225127 江苏省扬州农业环境安全技术服务中心, 江苏扬州 225127 农业农村部耕地质量监测与评价重点实验室, 江苏扬州 225127
赵海涛	扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏扬州 225127 江苏省扬州农业环境安全技术服务中心, 江苏扬州 225127 农业农村部耕地质量监测与评价重点实验室, 江苏扬州 225127	htzhao@yzu.edu.cn
封克	扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏扬州 225127 江苏省扬州农业环境安全技术服务中心, 江苏扬州 225127 农业农村部耕地质量监测与评价重点实验室, 江苏扬州 225127

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中文摘要:

为明确蚯蚓活动对不同酸碱性土壤中铬(Cr)赋存和细菌群落的影响,采用控制试验探究了赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia fetida)对不同酸碱性(酸性pH 5.88、中性pH 7.55、碱性pH 8.97)、不同Cr含量(15 mg kg^-1和50 mgkg^-1)土壤中Cr赋存形态和细菌群落的影响。结果表明:接种蚯蚓后,土壤pH值向中性转变,低Cr含量土壤的pH值变化量大于高Cr含量土壤;相比于酸性和碱性土壤,接种蚯蚓后中性土壤中的Cr去除率最高,低Cr含量中性土壤的Cr去除率达62.74%,高Cr含量中性土壤的Cr去除率达37.51%;接种蚯蚓后,土壤中酸可提取态Cr的含量显著增加,残渣态Cr的含量显著降低;接种蚯蚓提高了酸性土壤中变形菌门的丰度、降低了放线菌门的丰度,提高了中性和碱性土壤中放线菌门的丰度,降低了变形菌门和拟杆菌门的丰度,显著提高了土壤细菌群落的丰度(Chao指数和ACE指数),但显著降低了其多样性(Shannon指数)。综上,蚯蚓通过摄食和被动扩散作用对中性土壤中Cr的富集、移除效果优于对酸性和碱性土壤,接种蚯蚓能够有效提升土壤中Cr的生物有效性,改变土壤的细菌群落结构。

英文摘要:

A control experiment was conducted to explore the effects of earthworm (Eisenia fetida) activity on Cr occurrence and bacterial communities in soils with different acid-base (acidic, neutral, and alkaline with pH 5.88, 7.55, and 8.97, respectively) and Cr (15 mg·kg^-1 and 50 mg · kg^-1) levels. The results showed that after the addition of earthworms to acidic soils, the soil pH significantly increased. In neutral and alkaline soils, the soil pH was significantly reduced after consumption by earthworms. Consumption of soil by earthworms led to the pH becoming neutral, and the pH value of low Cr content soil was higher than that of high Cr content soil. Among the acid-base soils, the removal rate of Cr by earthworms was the highest in neutral soil. In neutral soil with a low Cr content, the Cr removal rate was 62.74%, whereas the Cr removal rate was 37.51% in neutral soil with a high Cr content. Earthworm biomass decreased significantly after consuming Cr-contaminated soil with different acidities and alkalinities, and the higher the soil Cr concentration, the greater was the Cr enrichment in earthworms. After consumption by earthworms, the content of acid-extractable Cr in the soil increased significantly at all pH values, and the residual Cr content was reduced dramatically; earthworms had the best effect on activating Cr in acidic soil. After consumption by earthworms, the abundance of Proteobacteria was increased in acidic soils, whereas that of Actinomycetes reduced. In contrast, the abundance of Actinomycetes increased in neutral and alkaline soils and that of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes reduced. Furthermore, the abundance of soil bacterial communities (Chao and ACE indices) was significantly increased and the diversity (Shannon index) significantly reduced. In summary, earthworms enriched and removed Cr in neutral soils through feeding and passive diffusion, and these effects were better than those in acidic and alkaline soils. Incorporating earthworms into the soil can effectively improve the bioavailability of Cr and change the bacterial community structure of the soil.

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