| 吕春玲,陈延华,何文天,张思宇,姜娜,樊代佳,杨华薇,杨殿林,邹国元.玉米种植体系土壤磷素有效性对有机肥长期施用响应的Meta分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(9):2011-2022. |
| 玉米种植体系土壤磷素有效性对有机肥长期施用响应的Meta分析 |
| Response of soil phosphorus availability to long-term application of organic fertilizer under maize cropping system:A meta-analysis |
| 投稿时间：2022-01-06 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-0015 |
| 中文关键词: 土壤有效磷 磷投入量 有机肥 土壤因素 Meta分析 |
| 英文关键词: soil available phosphorus phosphorus application rate organic fertilizer soil factor meta-analysis |
| 基金项目:中国农业科学院科技创新工程协同创新任务项目（CAAS-XTCX2016015）；财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目；北京市农林科学院改革与发展计划项目（YZS201905，YZS202103） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 吕春玲 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所, 北京 100097 | | | 陈延华 | 北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所, 北京 100097 | | | 何文天 | 北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所, 北京 100097 | | | 张思宇 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | | | 姜娜 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | | | 樊代佳 | 北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所, 北京 100097 | | | 杨华薇 | 东北农业大学资源与环境学院, 哈尔滨 150030 | | | 杨殿林 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191 | yangdianlin@caas.cn | | 邹国元 | 北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所, 北京 100097 | gyzou@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 长期施用有机肥能够提高土壤有效磷含量，但不同的研究间差异较大，通过基于有机肥种类、施用量、有机肥替代化肥比例和土壤因素等大量试验数据的整合分析，研究不同因素下土壤磷素有效性对有机肥长期施用的响应，对指导有机肥的科学施用具有重要意义。本研究收集了公开发表的文献147篇，建立了305组包含单施化肥（CF）和化肥配施有机肥（CFM）处理的土壤有效磷含量数据库。采用Meta分析研究全国多个长期定位试验点的CF和CFM处理下土壤有效磷含量差异及其影响因素。结果表明，CFM处理能显著提高土壤有效磷含量，每投入100 kg·hm-2的磷，土壤有效磷增加量约为CF处理的2.6倍。高施磷量（>300kg·hm-2）对土壤有效磷含量的提升幅度，约是低施磷量（<75 kg·hm-2）和中等施磷量（75~150 kg·hm-2和150~300 kg·hm-2）的3.5倍和2.3~2.6倍。不同有机肥对土壤有效磷含量的影响表现为畜禽粪便类>商品有机肥类>秸秆类>城市垃圾类有机肥。其中，畜禽粪便类中，猪粪、鸡粪和牛粪对土壤有效磷含量的影响较为显著，增幅分别为210.4%、209.3%和156.7%。在不同有机肥替代化肥比例下，施用有机肥对土壤有效磷含量的提升效果，随有机肥替代化肥比例的增加而升高，且差异显著，有机肥替代化肥比例为75%和100%时，增幅可达211.7%和239.7%。土壤类型、有机质含量、pH等土壤因素是影响施用有机肥对土壤有效磷含量提升效果的重要因素。其中，不同土壤类型下土壤有效磷增幅在12.7%~212.1%之间，表现为红壤>潮土>褐土>黑土>棕壤；在土壤有机质含量为0.6%~1%时，土壤有效磷增幅可达248.5%，分别是土壤有机质含量<0.6%、1%~2%和2%~3%时的2.1、2.0倍和10.9倍；当pH为酸性（5~6.5）或者pH为中性（6.5~7.5）时，施用有机肥对土壤有效磷的提升效果显著高于pH为碱性（7.5~9）时。此外，土壤有效磷增幅随年均降雨量和年均温度的升高而增加，其中年均降雨量>800 mm或年均温度>16℃时增幅最大。长期施用不同种类有机肥、施用量、有机肥替代化肥比例均显著影响土壤有效磷含量，并且在不同的土壤环境、轮作方式和气候因子条件下，施用有机肥对土壤有效磷的效应有显著差异。因此，在农业生产过程中，科学施用有机肥不仅要充分考虑有机肥种类、施用量、有机肥替代化肥比例，而且要综合考虑不同环境因素的影响，从而保障有机废弃物资源的科学利用，避免资源浪费和环境污染，推动农业绿色高质量和可持续发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The long-term application of organic fertilizers can improve soil available phosphorus(P) content, but there exist large differences between studies. Through the integration analysis of a large amount of experimental data based on the types of organic fertilizer, application amount, organic fertilizer replacement ratio, and soil factors, the response of soil P availability under different factors to the long-term application of organic fertilizer has important significance for guiding the scientific fertilization of organic fertilizer. In this study, 147 published papers, which contained 305 datasets of soil available P content, were used to establish a database for the application of chemical fertilizer(CF)and the combined application of chemical and organic fertilizers(CFM). The differences in soil available P content under CF and CFM treatments from numerous long-term field experimental sites around China and the driving factors were analyzed based on a meta-analysis. The results showed that the CFM treatment significantly increased the content of soil available P and the increased soil available P content per 100 kg·hm-2. P input was approximately 2.6 times that of the CF treatment. The increased rate of soil available P at high P application rate(> 300 kg·hm-2)was approximately 3.5 times and 2.3~2.6 times higher than that at low P application rate(< 75 kg· hm-2)and medium P application rate(75~150 kg·hm-2 and 150~300 kg·hm-2). The order of the impact of different organic fertilizers on soil available P content was animal manure > commercial organic fertilizer > straw > municipal waste. Among animal manure, pig, cow, and chicken manure exerted a significant effect on the soil available P content, increasing by 210.4%, 209.3%, and 156.7%, respectively. The elevation in the available soil P increased with increasing organic fertilizer, peaking at 239.7% and 211.7% when the proportion of organic fertilizer reached 100% and 75%, respectively. Soil properties(soil type, organic matter content, and pH)were the main factors affecting the soil available P content when applying organic fertilizer. Under different soil types, the increase in available P ranged from 12.7% to 212.1%, displaying the following pattern:red soil > fluvo-aquic soil > cinnamon soil > black soil > brown soil. When soil organic matter content ranged from 0.6% to 1%, the increase in soil available P content increased and peaked at 248.5%, which was 2.1, 2.0, and 10.9 times of that when the soil organic matter content was less than 0.6%, 1%~2%, and 2%~3%, respectively. When the pH was acidic(5~6.5) or neutral(6.5~7.5), the effect of organic fertilizer on soil available P was significantly higher than that pH was alkaline(7.5~9.0). In addition, the increase in soil available P content increased with high annual mean precipitation and temperature and reached the highest level when either the annual mean precipitation was >800 mm or the annual mean temperature >16℃. Under long-term fertilization conditions, factors such as types of organic fertilizer, application amount, and organic fertilizer replacement ratio exerted significant effects on soil available P content. In addition, the effect of organic fertilizer application on soil available P was significantly different under different soil environments, rotation systems, and climatic factors. Therefore, in the process of agricultural production, the scientific application of organic fertilizer should not only fully consider the types of organic fertilizer, application amount, and organic fertilizer replacement ratio, but also comprehensively consider the impact of environmental factors. This study has great significance for the scientific use of organic waste resources to avoid resource waste and environmental pollution and to promote the green, high-quality, and sustainable development of agriculture. |
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