| 胡焱,王海娟,王宏镔.镉胁迫下紫茉莉生物碱的化感效应[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(10):2139-2157. |
| 镉胁迫下紫茉莉生物碱的化感效应 |
| Allelopathic effects of alkaloids in Mirabilis jalapa L. under cadmium stress |
| 投稿时间：2022-01-28 修订日期：2022-04-18 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-0106 |
| 中文关键词: 镉 紫茉莉 根系分泌物 生物碱 化感效应 |
| 英文关键词: cadmium Mirabilis jalapa L. root exudate alkaloid allelopathic effect |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31960264) |
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| 摘要点击次数: 723 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究镉（Cd）胁迫下外来入侵植物紫茉莉（Mirabilis jalapa L.）中生物碱对本地种的化感效应，采用室内水培和土培实验，运用超高效液相色谱（UPLC）技术测定Cd胁迫下紫茉莉根系分泌的生物碱含量，并研究水培紫茉莉根系分泌物、外源添加生物碱和土培紫茉莉根际土壤对2个本地种（萝卜和莴苣）种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：水培条件下，1~3 mg·L-1 Cd胁迫下紫茉莉根系分泌物中葫芦巴碱、小檗碱和巴马汀含量显著增加； 3 mg·L-1 Cd胁迫下紫茉莉根系分泌物对萝卜和莴苣的抑制作用最强，其中萝卜种子萌发率和幼苗根长抑制率分别为25.17%和44.23%，莴苣为10.00%和40.44%，萝卜受到的抑制强于莴苣。外源添加生物碱对萝卜和莴苣幼苗生长的化感效应不同，小檗碱最低抑制浓度分别为0.1mg·L-1和0.05 mg·L-1，化感效应最强；巴马汀和药根碱均为0.25 mg·L-1，化感效应次之；葫芦巴碱为100 mg·L-1和50 mg·L-1，化感效应最弱。Cd胁迫下种植紫茉莉的土壤在有菌和无菌时的化感效应也不同，除25 mg·kg-1 Cd胁迫外，有菌土壤对萝卜和莴苣种子萌发和幼苗生长均产生不同程度的促进作用，且对莴苣的促进作用强于萝卜；而无菌土壤则产生抑制作用，5 mg·kg-1 Cd胁迫对萝卜种子萌发和幼苗生长的最大抑制率分别为41.23%和48.54%，莴苣则为21.07%和15.25%。研究表明，在Cd胁迫下，紫茉莉水培和土培方式对本地种产生的化感效应不同，土培和有菌条件减缓了生物碱的化感效应，且当利用紫茉莉与本地种进行Cd污染农田土壤的间作修复时，莴苣所受的化感抑制较小，是较为合适的间作种类。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the allelopathic effects of alkaloids in M. jalapa on native species under Cd stress, hydroponic and pot experiments, combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography（UPLC） , were conducted to determine the content of alkaloids in root exudates of M. jalapa exposed to Cd. The effects of root exudates, exogenous alkaloids, and rhizospheric soil on seed germination and seedling growth of two native species（radish and lettuce）were investigated, showing that under hydroponic conditions, the contents of trigonelline, berberine, and palmatine in root exudates of M. jalapa under 1-3 mg·L-1 Cd stress were significantly increased. Under the stress of 3 mg·L-1 Cd, the root exudates had the strongest inhibitory effect on seed germination and seedling growth in radish and lettuce, with inhibition rates of 25.17% and 44.23% in seed germination and root length in radish, respectively, and of 10.00% and 40.44%, respectively, in lettuce. The inhibitory effect of root exudate from radish was higher than that from lettuce. The allelopathic effects of the exogenous alkaloids on the seedling growth of radish and lettuce were different. The lowest inhibitory concentrations of berberine were 0.1 mg·L-1 and 0.05 mg·L-1, showing the highest allelopathic effect. Palmatine and rhizobine showed a moderate allelopathic effect, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 mg·L-1. The weakest allelopathic effect was observed for trigonelline, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 100 mg·L-1 and 50 mg·L-1. The allelopathic effect of M. jalapa-growing soil under Cd stress also differed between nonsterile and sterile soils. Except for 25 mg·kg-1 Cd stress, the non-sterile soil promoted seed germination and seedling growth of radish and lettuce to different degrees, and lettuce showed better promotion. However, an inhibitory effect was observed in sterile soil. Under a stress of 5 mg·kg-1 Cd, the maximum inhibition rates of seed germination and seedling growth in radish were 41.23% and 48.54%, respectively, and those in lettuce were 21.07% and 15.25%, respectively. Our results indicated that under Cd stress conditions, the allelopathic effects of M. jalapa on the local species in hydroponic and pot experiments differed, and soil culture and non-sterile conditions mitigated the allelopathic effects of alkaloids. Moreover, lettuce is a suitable species for intercropping with M. jalapa for the remediation of Cd-polluted agricultural soil owing to its low allelopathic inhibition. |
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