崇明岛农田土壤重金属分布特征及生态风险

徐志豪; 吴健; 唐浩; 王敏; 黄波涛; 黄沈发

文章摘要

徐志豪,吴健,唐浩,王敏,黄波涛,黄沈发.崇明岛农田土壤重金属分布特征及生态风险[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(11):2488-2496.

崇明岛农田土壤重金属分布特征及生态风险

Distribution characteristics and ecological risk of heavy metals in soil of arable land on Chongming Island

投稿时间：2022-03-04

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-0212

中文关键词: 农田土壤重金属分布特征生态风险评价

英文关键词: arable land heavy metal distribution characteristics ecological risk assessment

基金项目:

作者	单位	E-mail
徐志豪	上海城勘信息科技有限公司, 上海 201206
吴健	上海市环境科学研究院, 上海 200030
唐浩	上海市环境科学研究院, 上海 200030
王敏	上海市环境科学研究院, 上海 200030
黄波涛	上海市环境科学研究院, 上海 200030
黄沈发	上海城勘信息科技有限公司, 上海 201206	huangsf@saes.sh.cn

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中文摘要:

为探明崇明岛农田土壤重金属含量分布特征，采集581个点位耕层土壤样品，分析了土壤样品中8种重金属（Hg、Cr、Ni、Pb、As、Cu、Zn和Cd）的含量及污染特征，并采用内梅罗指数法和潜在生态风险指数法评价了研究区土壤重金属的潜在生态风险。结果表明：研究区土壤重金属含量总体低于农用地风险筛选值（GB 15618—2018），但个别点位土壤Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd含量超标，存在一定的环境风险。空间分布上，Cd元素含量自西向东呈逐步下降趋势，其他重金属元素则总体表现出中部>西部>东部的趋势。生态风险评价结果显示，研究区内梅罗指数平均值为0.34，处于清洁水平，潜在生态风险指数平均值为19.6，潜在生态风险较低，其中Cd为主要风险因子。综上分析表明，研究区土壤整体呈现清洁、低生态风险状态，但局部区域土壤重金属的累积问题仍需加以关注。

英文摘要:

To understand the distribution characteristics of heavy metals in soil of arable land on Chongming Island, cultivated soil samples were collected from 581 locations on Chongming Island. The distribution characteristics of eight heavy metals（As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Hg）in the samples were investigated, and the potential ecological risks of soil heavy metals were determined using the Nemerow and Hakanson indexes. The results showed that the levels of heavy metals were much lower than the risk control standard（GB 15618—2018）. However, the levels of Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd in several samples exceeded the standard, showing definite environmental risks. The spatial distribution of Cd showed a gradual decline from the western to eastern regions. The levels of the other heavy metals decreased from high to low successively in the central, western, and eastern regions. The average Nemerow and Hakanson index values were 0.34 and 19.6, respectively, showing a clean level and low ecological risk, and Cd was the main risk contributor. In summary, the soil quality of the research area was safe and low risk, but the accumulation of some heavy metals in the soil of certain areas should be paid attention.

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