| 林辉,成琪璐,邹平,孙万春,俞巧钢,叶静,陈照明,马军伟.长期植稻年限序列土壤耐药组演替特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2022,41(12):2711-2721. |
| 长期植稻年限序列土壤耐药组演替特征 |
| Succession characteristics of soil resistome in paddy soil chronosequences |
| 投稿时间：2022-10-12 修订日期：2022-11-22 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-1022 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻土 土壤序列 土壤耐药组 抗生素抗性基因 演替 |
| 英文关键词: paddy soil soil chronosequence soil resistome antibiotic resistance gene succession |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41977328） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 林辉 | 农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室, 浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所, 杭州 310021 | | | 成琪璐 | 农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室, 浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所, 杭州 310021 | | | 邹平 | 农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室, 浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所, 杭州 310021 | | | 孙万春 | 农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室, 浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所, 杭州 310021 | | | 俞巧钢 | 农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室, 浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所, 杭州 310021 | | | 叶静 | 农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室, 浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所, 杭州 310021 | | | 陈照明 | 农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室, 浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所, 杭州 310021 | | | 马军伟 | 农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室, 浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所, 杭州 310021 | majw@zaas.ac.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以杭州湾南岸两个前期已鉴定的跨2 000 a的水稻土序列（上虞：30~2 000 a；慈溪：9~2 000 a）为模型，探究长期植稻下稻田土壤耐药组演替特征，以期拓展对人为水耕土土壤耐药组形成与发展趋势的科学认识。研究采用了高通量荧光定量PCR（HTqPCR）技术，分析了不同土壤深度（耕作层、犁底层、母质层）下水稻土序列中320个耐药基因（ARGs）的检出情况、丰度、多样性及其随植稻年限的变化规律。结果表明：两个水稻土序列共检出289种ARGs，以氨基糖苷类和多重耐药类ARGs最为丰富多样，两个地区共有181种ARGs。主坐标分析（PCoA）结果指出，上虞和慈溪水稻土序列的ARGs组成存在显著差异，部分体现在ARGs亚型数量上。慈溪持有108种在上虞水稻土序列中不存在的ARGs，但85%的慈溪特有ARGs在植稻100 a后消失。因此，随植稻年限增加，不同地区水稻土序列在ARGs亚型数量上的差异缩小，在植稻千年后趋于接近。同时，随着植稻年限增加，水稻土耕作层、犁底层和母质层土壤间的ARGs亚型数量差异缩小。进一步研究发现，杭州湾南岸水稻土序列的ARGs丰富度和多样性随耕作年限的增加整体呈衰减趋势，同时伴随ARGs相对丰度的上升，其中相比耕作层和犁底层，母质层ARGs与植稻年限间的相关性达到了显著（P＜0.05）或极显著（P＜0.01）水平。综上，时间驱动了稻田土壤耐药组发展，而植稻年限对母质层中ARGs组成有强烈的塑造作用。在杭州湾南岸，新生稻田土壤（≤50 a）比成熟稻田土壤（≥1 000 a）拥有更为丰富的ARGs亚型但更低的ARGs相对丰度。水稻土序列中细菌丰度与ARGs相对丰度呈显著负相关，进一步暗示成土过程中ARGs演替与微生物间的密切关联。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Two paddy soil chronosequences in the south bank of Hangzhou Bay（Shangyu：30-2 000 a; Cixi：9-2 000 a）, which had been previously identified, were used to characterize the succession of paddy soil resistome during long-term rice planting, to expand the scientific understanding of the formation and development of paddy soil. The occurrence, abundances, and diversity of 320 antibiotic resistance genes（ARGs）in different soil depths（arable layer, plow pan, and C-horizon）and their succession were studied using highthroughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction（HT-qPCR）. Results indicated that 289 ARGs were detected in two paddy soil chronosequences with aminoglycosides and multidrug resistant ARGs as the most diverse. A total of 181 ARGs were shared between both soil chronosequences. The principal coordinate analysis（PCoA）result showed that the composition of ARGs in Shangyu and Cixi paddy soil sequences were significantly different, partly reflected in the number of ARGs subtypes. Cixi had 108 unique ARGs, which did not exist in Shangyu soil samples; however, 85% of those ARGs disappeared after 100 a of rice planting. Therefore, long-term rice planting reduced the difference in the number of ARGs subtypes between different regions，but became closer after thousands of years of soil development. With the increase in rice planting years, the difference in the number of ARGs subtypes among different soil depths also reduced. Our results further showed that the richness and diversity of ARGs in paddy soil chronosequences declined after thousands of years of rice planting, whereas the ARGs abundance showed an increasing trend. The relationship between ARGs and time was more significant in the C-horizon compared with that in the arable layer and plow pan soils, and it reached a significant（P＜0.05）or extremely significant（P＜0.01）level. Overall, soil age has driven the development of paddy soil resistome, and the effect is strong in the soil resistome of the C-horizon. On the south bank of Hangzhou Bay, the young paddy soils（≤50 a）have a soil resistome with higher ARGs richness and lower relative abundance than the mature paddy soil（≥1 000 a）. There is a significant negative correlation between the bacterial abundance and relative abundance of ARGs in paddy soil sequences, implying a close relationship between ARGs succession and microorganisms during rice planting. |
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