| 陶荣浩,袁旭峰,吴新德,王垚,鲁洪娟,叶文玲,陈勇,马友华.修复肥料和紫云英对水稻吸收积累镉的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(1):76-86. |
| 修复肥料和紫云英对水稻吸收积累镉的影响 |
| Effects of repair fertilizer and milk vetch（Astragalus sinicus L.）on cadmium uptake and accumulation in rice |
| 投稿时间：2022-06-28 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-0662 |
| 中文关键词: 紫云英 修复肥料 镉 稻田 土壤酶 经济效益 |
| 英文关键词: milk vetch repair fertilizer Cd paddy soil enzyme economic performance |
| 基金项目:安徽省科技重大攻关项目（17030701053） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 陶荣浩 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 袁旭峰 | 青阳县农业技术推广中心, 安徽 青阳 242800 | | | 吴新德 | 池州市农业技术推广中心, 安徽 池州 247100 | | | 王垚 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 鲁洪娟 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 叶文玲 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | | | 陈勇 | 中盐安徽红四方肥业股份有限公司, 合肥 231602 | | | 马友华 | 农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室, 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036 | yhma2020@qq.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨修复肥料和紫云英对镉污染稻田的修复效果，在大田试验条件下，设置修复肥料和紫云英处理，并与应用较为广泛的石灰进行安全利用效果对比，研究对镉污染稻田水稻不同部位镉吸收转运、有效态镉含量、镉化学形态和酶活性等的影响。结果表明：修复肥料和紫云英联合施用可以使水稻产量较不添加土壤调理剂增产9.01%，施用修复肥料或紫云英也有一定增产效果；修复肥料和紫云英单施及二者联合施用均有效降低糙米镉含量，联合施用的降镉效果最好，达到了28.64%，石灰处理后糙米镉含量也均低于GB 2762-2017限量值；修复肥料和紫云英联合施用水稻根际和非根际土壤pH值分别提高0.20和0.32个单位，效果好于石灰处理（分别提高0.08个和0.23个单位），修复肥料单施和与紫云英联合施用根际和非根际土壤有效态镉含量分别降低32.25%和40.54%，降镉效果接近石灰处理（27.87%和42.85%）；修复肥料和紫云英联合施用降低了土壤弱酸提取态和可还原态镉含量，提高了残渣态镉含量。此外，修复肥料和紫云英的联合及单独施用在一定程度上提高了土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、蛋白酶和过氧化氢酶活性；紫云英和修复肥料单施和二者配施的投入产出比较高，分别为1.76、1.73和1.72。综合来看，在镉污染稻田紫云英还田时，配合修复肥料施用可降低稻米镉含量、提高稻谷产量、改善土壤酶活性，其投入产出比较高，且具有较高的经济效益和可操作性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, we explored the remediation effect of repair fertilizer and milk vetch(Astragalus sinicus L.)on cadmiumcontaminated rice fields. Under field conditions, the repair fertilizer and milk vetch treatments were set up, and the safety utilization effect was compared with lime, which is a widely used remedial treatment. The effects of cadmium on the uptake and transport of cadmium, DTPA-cadmium, chemical forms, and enzyme activities of cadmium in different parts of rice plants in cadmium-polluted paddy fields were studied. The results showed that:the combined application of repair fertilizer and milk vetch could increase rice yields by 9.01% compared to treatments without soil conditioner. The individual application of repair fertilizer or milk vetch also increased yield to a certain degree. Repair fertilizer and milk vetch applied alone or in combination could effectively reduce the content of cadmium in brown rice. The combined application of cadmium in brown rice had the best effect, reaching 28.64%. The cadmium content of brown rice treated with lime was also lower than the limit value of GB 2762-2017. The pH of the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere rice soils increased by 0.20 and 0.32 units, respectively, with the combined application of repair fertilizer and milk vetch, which was better than that of lime treatment (increased by 0.08 and 0.23 units). The DTPA-cadmium content in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils decreased by 32.25% and 40.54%, respectively, when the repair fertilizer was applied alone or in combination with milk vetch, and the cadmium reduction effect was close to that of lime treatment(27.87% and 42.85%, respectively). The combined application of repair fertilizer and milk vetch reduced the content of weak acid-extracted and reducible cadmium in soil, and increased the content of residual cadmium. In addition, the combined and separate application of repair fertilizer and milk vetch increased the activities of soil invertase, urease, protease, and catalase to a certain extent. The input-output of milk vetch and repair fertilizer applied alone or combined were 1.76, 1.73 and 1.72, respectively. To summarize, when returning milk vetch from cadmium-contaminated rice fields, the application of repair fertilizer can reduce the cadmium content of rice, increase rice yield, and improve soil enzyme activity. Its input and output are relatively high, and it has higher economic benefits and operability. |
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