| 朱会会,张淑彬,邹国元,肖强,刘东生,梁子安,刘建斌.微塑料降解菌群的筛选与性能研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(3):547-557. |
| 微塑料降解菌群的筛选与性能研究 |
| Screening of microplastic degrading bacteria and evaluation of their performance |
| 投稿时间：2022-06-23 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-0632 |
| 中文关键词: 微塑料|环境污染|聚乙烯|生物降解|降解性能 |
| 英文关键词: microplastics|environmental pollution|polyethylene|biodegradable|degradation performance |
| 基金项目:现代农业产业技术体系北京市创新团队项目（BAIC08-2022-YJ01，BAIC08-2022-SYZ01）；北京市农林科学院青年科研基金项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究微塑料降解菌群的降解性能及其对农作物种子发芽的影响，利用五点采样法于2020年9月采集北京市农林科学院长期覆膜样地土壤，通过富集培养法筛选获得一组微塑料降解菌群，命名为ZH-5，通过高通量测序技术和Biolog-Eco微平板法分析了ZH-5的组成多样性及生长特性，通过失重法、扫描电子显微镜及傅里叶变换红外光谱评估了ZH-5对微塑料的降解潜力，通过种子萌发试验探究了ZH-5对作物种子的毒性效应。结果表明：从土壤样品中筛选出的降解菌群主要由9门组成，包括94属，优势门中变形菌门（Proteobacteria）占比60.34%、放线菌门（Actinobacteriota）占比16.86%；主要菌属中新生螺旋菌（Noviherbaspirillum sp.）占29.81%、嗜氨菌（Ammoniphilus sp.）占16.28%、假单胞菌（Pseudomonas sp.）占11.76%。培养60 d后，ZH-5对聚乙烯的降解率达2.86%，对作物种子具有显著促生作用，与P0处理（未接菌液）相比，P1处理（接种稀释100倍菌液）对黄瓜、萝卜、甜瓜和香瓜根长的促生率分别为31.38%、108.13%、57.59%和223.03%。研究表明，ZH-5具有降解聚乙烯微塑料的潜力，在减轻微塑料对环境污染等方面具有一定的研究 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To reduce the impact of microplastics on the environment, a five-point sampling method was used to collect soil from a longterm coated plot of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences in September 2020. A group of microplastic degrading bacteria, named ZH -5, was obtained using the enrichment culture method. The composition diversity and growth characteristics of ZH-5 were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology and Biolog-Eco microplate method. The degradation potential of ZH-5 for microplastics was evaluated by the weight loss method, scanning electron microscopy, and fourier infrared spectroscopy. The toxic effects of ZH-5 on crop seeds were investigated using the seed germination test. The results showed that the microplastic biodegradation flora consisted of nine phyla, belonging to 94 genera. Proteobacteria and Actinomycetes, which were the dominant phylum, accounted for 60.34% and 16.86%, respectively. The main bacteria were Noviherbaspirillum sp.（29.81%）, Ammoniphilus sp.（16.28%）, and Pseudomonas sp.（11.76%）. After 60 days of culture, the degradation rate of ZH-5 for polyethylene reached 2.86%, which showed a significant growth-promoting effect on crop seeds. Compared with the P0 treatment（treatment without bacterial solution）, the P1 treatment （inoculated 100 times diluted bacterial solution）promoted the growth rate of cucumber, radish, melon, and cantaloupe root length by 31.38%, 108.13%, 57.59% and 223.03%, respectively. The results show that ZH-5 has the potential to degrade polyethylene microplastics, and has certain research significance in reducing environmental pollution caused by microplastics. |
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