| 侯金江,孙兴滨,高浩泽,王旭明,郭雅杰,高敏,仇天雷.促生长抗生素禁用后养猪场多重耐药菌群及耐药特征变化[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(3):682-691. |
| 促生长抗生素禁用后养猪场多重耐药菌群及耐药特征变化 |
| Changes in a multidrug-resistant bacterial community and its antibiotic resistance characteristics in pig farms after the ban on antibiotic growth promoters |
| 投稿时间：2022-09-01 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-0874 |
| 中文关键词: 抗生素|多重耐药菌|养殖场|动物粪便 |
| 英文关键词: antibiotics|multi-drug resistant bacteria|livestock farm|animal feces |
| 基金项目:北京市自然科学基金面上项目（6222013，5222005）；北京市农林科学院创新能力建设专项（KJCX20210424）；现代农业产业技术体系北 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 由于频繁使用抗生素，养殖动物粪便中多重耐药菌会给周边环境带来生态风险。为了解促生长类抗生素（Antibioticgrowth promoters，AGPs）禁用后养猪场来源多重耐药菌群的变化特征，本研究采集AGPs禁用前后猪场粪便样品，开展了多重耐药菌计数、分离培养及鉴定，并利用16S rRNA基因扩增子测序对可培养多重耐药菌群进行比对分析，同时利用药敏试验分析了AGPs禁用前后多重耐药菌株的耐药变化特征。结果表明：禁用AGPs后猪场粪便中多重耐药率显著下降。AGPs（主要为土霉素）残留浓度能够显著影响禁用前后的多重耐药菌群分布，同时AGPs禁用也能够显著减少猪粪中的多重耐药菌种类。猪粪中多重耐药菌主要分布在变形菌门、放线菌门、厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门，Escherichia在所有样本中均是优势多重耐药菌属，Kurthia、Providencia、Leucobacter、Corynebacterium、Ignatzschineria、Lysinibacillus、Staphylococcus等多重耐药菌属相对丰度在禁用AGPs后有所减少。禁用AGPs能够降低猪粪中多重耐药菌的饲用抗生素的耐药率，如四环素类、氯霉素类、大环内酯类等，但也会升高治疗用抗生素如氨基糖苷类、头孢类、利福平类抗生素的耐药率。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Due to the frequent use of antibiotics, multidrug-resistant bacteria in farm manure may pose ecological risks to natural environments. To understand the changes in multidrug-resistant bacterial communities in pig farms after the ban on antibiotic growth promoters（AGPs）, we collected manure samples before and after the AGPs ban took effect, and counted, isolated, and identified the multidrug-resistant bacteria. We analyzed the community structure of multidrug-resistant bacteria by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Multidrug-resistant strains present before and after the AGPs ban were analyzed by drug sensitivity testing. The residual concentration of AGPs（mainly oxytetracycline）significantly affected the distribution of multidrug-resistant bacteria, and after the AGPs ban the species abundance of multidrug-resistant bacteria in pig manure significantly decreased. The multidrug-resistant bacteria in pig manure mainly belonged to the four phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes. Escherichia was the dominant multidrug-resistant genus in all samples, and Kurthia, Providencia, Leucobacter, Corynebacterium, Ignatzschineria, Lysinibacillus, Staphylococcus, and other multidrug-resistant genera decreased in relative abundance after the AGPs ban. The AGPs ban reduced rates of resistance to feed antibiotics including tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, and macrolides in multidrug-resistant bacteria in pig manure. However, it also increased their rate of resistance to therapeutic antibiotics including aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, and rifampicin. |
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