| 江俊涛,陈宏伟,阎薪竹,邓娇娇,魏占波,周旺明,周莉,于大炮,王庆伟.聚丙烯微塑料添加对大豆和花生生长及生理生态特征的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(4):761-768. |
| 聚丙烯微塑料添加对大豆和花生生长及生理生态特征的影响 |
| Effects of polypropylene microplastics on the growth and ecophysiological characteristics of soybean（Glycine max）and peanut（Arachis hypogaea L.） |
| 投稿时间：2022-10-17 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-1035 |
| 中文关键词: 聚丙烯微塑料 结实类型 功能性状 生物量积累 生理响应 籽粒品质 |
| 英文关键词: polypropylene microplastic bearing type functional trait biomass accumulation physiological response grain quality |
| 基金项目:农业农村部种植业管理司项目（Y9HX01L） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 江俊涛 | 沈阳大学生命科学与工程学院, 沈阳 110044
中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林生态与管理重点实验室, 沈阳 110016 | | | 陈宏伟 | 沈阳大学生命科学与工程学院, 沈阳 110044 | | | 阎薪竹 | 东北大学秦皇岛分校, 河北 秦皇岛 066001 | | | 邓娇娇 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林生态与管理重点实验室, 沈阳 110016 | | | 魏占波 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林生态与管理重点实验室, 沈阳 110016
中国科学院绿色肥料工程实验室, 沈阳 110016 | | | 周旺明 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林生态与管理重点实验室, 沈阳 110016 | | | 周莉 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林生态与管理重点实验室, 沈阳 110016 | | | 于大炮 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林生态与管理重点实验室, 沈阳 110016 | | | 王庆伟 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林生态与管理重点实验室, 沈阳 110016 | wangqingwei@iae.ac.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 农田微塑料污染对作物生长存在显著影响，但不同功能类型作物的生理生态、产量及品质对土壤微塑料的响应尚不清楚。鉴于此，本研究选取我国农业生产的两大主要作物大豆（地上结实）和花生（地下结实）为试验材料，并设置对照组（无添加）和实验组（添加0.40%的聚丙烯微塑料）进行大田原位试验。结果表明：微塑料添加与作物结实类型二者的交互作用对作物的生长与生理生态特征存在显著影响，主要体现在作物的整株形态结构、生物量积累与分配及籽粒品质。微塑料添加显著降低两种作物的总生物量、地上生物量、相对生长速率和百粒重，大豆降幅分别为13.61%、14.07%、13.23%和7.84%，花生降幅分别为17.10%、18.64%、16.12%和11.98%。此外，微塑料添加显著降低花生的地下生物量、可溶性糖含量和大豆的叶绿素含量，降幅分别为15.77%、25.51%和5.74%，与之相反，微塑料添加增加大豆的叶面积比值和可溶性糖含量，增幅分别为28.07%和25.82%。由此可见，聚丙烯微塑料添加对两种作物的生长和产量均有抑制作用，对花生的影响尤为明显。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Although microplastic pollution of farmland has significant effects on crop growth, data regarding the responses of the physiological and ecological characteristics, yield, and quality of different functional types of crops to soil microplastics are limited. Therefore, we selected two major crop species, Glycine max（aboveground-bearing）and Arachis hypogaea L.（belowground-bearing）, as the plant materials and carried out an in situ addition experiment of polypropylene microplastics（0%, 0.4% addition）. Our results demonstrated that the interaction between microplastics and crop type had a significant impact on the growth and physiological and ecological characteristics of the crops, especially on the morphological structure of the whole plant, biomass accumulation and distribution, and grain quality. The addition of polypropylene microplastics significantly reduced the total biomass, aboveground biomass, relative growth rate, and 100-grain weight of both crops, with soybean decreasing by 13.61%, 14.07%, 13.23%, and 7.84% respectively, and peanut decreasing by 17.10%, 18.64%, 16.12%, and 11.98%, respectively. Moreover, the addition of polypropylene microplastics clearly reduced the belowground biomass and the soluble sugar content of peanut, and the chlorophyll content of soybean by 15.77%, 25.51%, and 5.74%, respectively. On the contrary, the addition of polypropylene microplastics increased the leaf area ratio and soluble sugar content of soybean by 28.07% and 25.82%, respectively. It can be seen that the addition of polypropylene microplastics had major adverse effects on the growth and yield of both crops, but especially on peanut. This study provides key data supporting the impact of soil microplastic pollution on crop yield and quality, and also provides a theoretical basis for future breeding of superior varieties. |
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