文章摘要
岳娅,薛海清,冯茜,苗欢,苗淑杰,乔云发.CO2浓度增加和秸秆还田对黑土团聚体有机碳的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(4):943-950.
CO2浓度增加和秸秆还田对黑土团聚体有机碳的影响
Effects of atmospheric CO2 enrichment and straw return on aggregate organic carbon in black soil
投稿时间:2022-08-05  
DOI:10.11654/jaes.2022-0793
中文关键词: CO2浓度  秸秆还田  土壤团聚体  有机碳  贡献率
英文关键词: CO2 concentration  straw return  soil aggregate  organic carbon  contribution rate
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(42177279);江苏省农业自主创新项目[CX(21)3170]
作者单位E-mail
岳娅 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044  
薛海清 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044  
冯茜 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044  
苗欢 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044  
苗淑杰 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044 sjmiao2015@nuist.edu.cn 
乔云发 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044  
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中文摘要:
      为研究土壤团聚体有机碳分布对CO2浓度增加和秸秆还田的响应,本研究以东北黑土区长期CO2增加定位试验平台为依托,设置4个处理,分别为对照(CK)、增加CO2浓度达1 259.72 mg·m-3(EC)、秸秆还田(ST)和增加CO2浓度结合秸秆还田(EC+ST)。结果表明:EC与ST处理对土壤总有机碳含量无显著影响,但EC+ST处理使土壤总有机碳含量提升3.09 g·kg-1P<0.05)。EC处理下土壤团聚体占比变化无显著影响,但分形维数(D)增加0.06,土壤团聚体稳定性降低。ST与EC+ST处理使>0.5~1 mm大团聚体占比分别提高14.98个百分点与8.20个百分点,此外,ST处理使≤0.053 mm微团聚体占比减少12.88个百分点,水稳性团聚体数量(R0.25)增加0.14,平均质量直径(dMW)增加0.08 mm,D减少0.11(P<0.05),土壤团聚体稳定性增强;EC+ST处理使>1 mm大团聚体占比增加4.07个百分点,dMW增加0.11 mm,土壤团聚体稳定性增加。EC与EC+ST处理较CK处理相比,分别使≤0.053 mm微团聚体土壤有机碳含量提升了0.66 g·kg-1和1.98 g·kg-1;ST处理使>1 mm大团聚体土壤有机碳含量提高0.55 g·kg-1,>0.25~0.5 mm大团聚体有机碳含量降低1.13 g·kg-1;EC+ST处理使>1 mm大团聚体土壤有机碳含量减少3.05 g·kg-1P<0.05)。EC处理使≤0.053 mm微团聚体有机碳贡献率增加9.14个百分点,而ST处理则使该部分减少10.54个百分点,同时>0.5~1 mm大团聚体有机碳贡献率增加14.35个百分点,EC+ST处理使>1 mm大团聚体和>0.5~1 mm大团聚体有机碳贡献率分别增加3.25个和6.74个百分点,>0.053~0.25 mm微团聚体有机碳贡献率降低5.82个百分点。研究表明,秸秆还田可以弥补CO2浓度增加导致的土壤总有机碳含量下降与团聚体结构变差的不利结果。虽然秸秆还田时其本身矿化会向大气中释放CO2,但是在未来大气CO2浓度增加的背景下,秸秆还田是提高黑土有机碳含量的潜在有效措施,值得在东北黑土区推广,且需要进一步探究其释放到大气中的CO2对温室效应的影响。
英文摘要:
      The responses of organic carbon distribution in soil aggregates to CO2 enrichment and straw return were studied to provide theoretical evidence for the carbon sequestration and mitigation of black soil. Based on the long-term CO2 enrichment experimental platform located in the black soil region of northeast China, four treatments were set. The treatments were the control(CK), increasing CO2 concentration to 1 259.72 mg·m-3(EC), straw returning(ST), and increasing CO2 concentration combined with straw returning(EC+ST). The results showed that the EC and ST treatments had no significant effect on the total soil organic carbon, whereas the EC+ST treatment increased total soil organic carbon by 3.09 g·kg-1P<0.05). The EC treatment had no significant effect on the proportion of soil aggregates, although the fractal dimension(D)increased by 0.06 and the stability of the soil aggregates decreased. Both the ST and EC + ST treatments increased the proportion of >0.5–1 mm macro-aggregates by 14.98 percentage points and 8.20 percentage points, respectively. In addition, the ST treatment reduced the proportion of ≤0.053 mm micro-aggregates by 12.88 percentage points, increased the number of waterstable aggregates(R0.25)by 0.14, and the average weight diameter(dMW)was increased by 0.08 mm, furthermore, D decreased by 0.11(P< 0.05), and the stability of soil aggregates was enhanced, whilst the EC+ST treatment increased the proportion of >1 mm macro-aggregates by 4.07 percentage points, and also increased the dMW by 0.11 mm and increased the stability of soil aggregates. Compared with CK, the EC and EC + ST treatments increased the soil organic carbon content of ≤0.053 mm micro-aggregates by 0.66 g · kg-1 and 1.98 g · kg-1, respectively. In addition, the ST treatment increased the >1 mm macro-aggregate content of soil organic carbon by 0.55 g·kg-1, whilst >0.25–0.5 mm macro-aggregates decreased by 1.13 g·kg-1. In addition, the EC + ST treatment reduced > 1 mm macro-aggregates by 3.05 g·kg-1P<0.05). EC treatment also increased the contribution of organic carbon of ≤0.053 mm micro-aggregates by 9.14 percentage points, compared to ST treatment, which decreased this by 10.54 percentage points. Furthermore, the organic carbon contribution rate of >0.5–1 mm macro-aggregates was increased by 14.35 percentage points, and the EC+ ST treatment increased the organic carbon contribution rate of both >1 mm macro-aggregates and >0.5 – 1 mm macro-aggregates by 3.25 percentage points and 6.74 percentage points, respectively. Additionally, >0.053–0.25 mm micro-aggregate organic carbon contribution rate was decreased by 5.82 percentage points. Straw returning could compensate for the adverse effects on the decrease of soil total organic carbon content and the deterioration of aggregate structure resulting from an increasing CO2concentration. Although the mineralization of straw returning releases CO2 into the atmosphere, it is still a potentially effective measure for increasing the content of organic carbon in black soil, and therefore should be applied in the black soil region of northeast China. However, the impacts of this CO2 released into the atmosphere and the greenhouse effect still need to be further studied.
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