| 周岩,靳嘉雯,邬刚,陈硕,丁帅,陈清,崔建宇,张帅.施用氰氨化钙和秸秆对淹水设施土壤磷释放动态特征的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(5):1100-1108. |
| 施用氰氨化钙和秸秆对淹水设施土壤磷释放动态特征的影响 |
| Dynamic characteristics of soil phosphorus release in a flooded greenhouse soil after calcium cyanamide and or straw addition |
| 投稿时间：2022-09-02 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-0877 |
| 中文关键词: 氰氨化钙 秸秆 淹水土壤 磷释放 设施菜田 |
| 英文关键词: calcium cyanamide straw flooded soil phosphorus release greenhouse vegetable field |
| 基金项目:财政部和农业农村部-国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-23-B15）；安徽省重点研发计划项目（202104a06020031） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 周岩 | 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193 | | | 靳嘉雯 | 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193
安徽省农业科学院土壤与肥料研究所, 合肥 230031 | | | 邬刚 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤与肥料研究所, 合肥 230031 | | | 陈硕 | 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193 | | | 丁帅 | 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193 | | | 陈清 | 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193 | | | 崔建宇 | 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193 | | | 张帅 | 农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室, 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193 | shuai.zhang@cau.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 设施土壤在夏季进行淹水时施用氰氨化钙和秸秆可以增强灭杀病害并改良土壤的效果，为研究该措施对淹水土壤磷素赋存形态和流失风险的影响，本研究通过对模拟淹水试验动态取样5次（第3、7、15、31、63天），探究了施用氰氨化钙（0.5 g·kg-1）或秸秆（10 g·kg-1）以及两者同时施用下淹水设施土壤的磷素释放量及其动态特征。结果表明：对照处理（不添加外源物质）与氰氨化钙处理的土壤溶液磷浓度均随培养时间的延长先升高后降低，在第15天达到峰值。在第3、7、15天，与对照处理相比，氰氨化钙处理的土壤溶液磷浓度分别显著降低了38.7%、33.4%和19.0%。与对照和氰氨化钙处理不同，在第3、7、15天，氰氨化钙+秸秆处理的土壤溶液磷浓度相比于对照分别显著降低了16.6%、91.5%和99.1%。培养期间，氰氨化钙处理土壤溶液的Ca2+浓度显著增加，有助于促进磷酸钙沉淀的生成，进而降低了土壤活性磷的浓度。氰氨化钙+秸秆处理尽管增加了土壤溶液的Fe2+浓度，但并未提升土壤溶液磷浓度，反而提高了土壤NaOH-P比例和土壤溶液Ca2+、Mg2+浓度，支持秸秆厌氧分解产生了酸化作用，促进了土壤游离磷酸盐与铁铝氧化物的结合。综上所述，施用氰氨化钙和秸秆在改良土壤和灭杀病害的同时，可以有助于降低淹水土壤的磷素流失风险。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Applying calcium cyanamide and straw to flooded greenhouse soils during the summer can effectively inhibit soil diseases and amend the soil. However, the impact of calcium cyanamide and straw additions on phosphorus(P) mobilization and the associated risk of P loss in flooded greenhouse soil is still unclear. Therefore, we collected soil and soil solution samples five times(days 3, 7, 15, 31, and 63) to determine the impact of calcium cyanamide(0.5 g·kg-1) or straw(10 g·kg-1) additions on P release and its dynamic features in flooded greenhouse soil. Results showed that the concentration of P in the soil solution of the control and calcium cyanamide addition treatments increased from day 3 to day 15 and then decreased from day 15 to day 63. Unlike with the calcium cyanamide treatment, the concentration of P in the soil solution of the calcium cyanamide+straw treatment group decreased from day 3 to day 15 and remained stable over time. Compared with the control, the calcium cyanamide addition significantly decreased the concentration of P in the soil solution by 38.7%, 33.4%, and 19.0% on days 3, 7, and 15, while the calcium cyanamide+straw additions decreased the concentration of P in soil solution by 16.6%, 91.5%, and 99.1% on days 3, 7, and 15, respectively. During the incubation period, the concentration of Ca2+ in soil solution after calcium cyanamide addition increased noticeably, helping the precipitation of calcium and phosphate, and thereby lowing the concentration of P. The increased Fe2+ concentration did not increase the P concentration in the soil solution after the calcium cyanamide+straw additions. Instead, the increase of NaOH-P proportion in soil and the increase of Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentration in soil solution support that the acidification effect induced by the decomposition of straw promoted the retention of phosphate by iron/aluminum oxides. In conclusion, applying calcium cyanamide and straw not just amends the soil and prevents disease but also lowers the risk of P loss from flooded greenhouse soils. |
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