| 李增飞,廖国健,石圣杰,林晓军,陆芳焘,刘喜德,黄驰超,兰加永,范稚莲,冯人伟.淹水条件下叶面喷施硒与海泡石联合降低水稻吸收砷镉的风险[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(6):1208-1218. |
| 淹水条件下叶面喷施硒与海泡石联合降低水稻吸收砷镉的风险 |
| Risks of selenium and sepiolite use to reduce arsenic and cadmium uptake in rice under flooding conditions |
| 投稿时间：2022-11-21 修订日期：2023-02-27 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-1187 |
| 中文关键词: 氨基酸 硒形态 水稻 复合污染 镉砷富集 |
| 英文关键词: amino acid selenium morphology rice combined pollution cadmium and arsenic enrichment |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（41103075，41877497） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李增飞 | 福建农林大学资源与环境学院, 福州 350002 | | | 廖国健 | 广西大学农学院, 南宁 530000 | | | 石圣杰 | 福建农林大学资源与环境学院, 福州 350002 | | | 林晓军 | 广西都安县高岭镇农业技术推广站, 广西河池 530700 | | | 陆芳焘 | 广西环江毛南族自治县绿色食品发展站, 广西 河池 547000 | | | 刘喜德 | 广西罗城仫佬族自治县农产品质量安全检测站, 广西 河池 547000 | | | 黄驰超 | 广西河池市农业生态与资源保护站, 广西 河池 547000 | | | 兰加永 | 广西河池市金城江区农业农村局植物保护站, 广西 河池 547000 | | | 范稚莲 | 广西大学农学院, 南宁 530000 | | | 冯人伟 | 福建农林大学资源与环境学院, 福州 350002 | frwzym@aliyun.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 硒（Se）能抑制水稻对镉（Cd）和砷（As）的吸收，但针对Se应用风险的研究还较为缺乏。为探究Se在降低重（类）金属吸收实际应用过程中尤其是南方多雨条件下的适用性，本研究采用全生育期淹水的农艺措施，利用根施海泡石30 mg·kg-1(SP30）和50mg·kg-1(SP50），并配合叶面喷施Se肥（Na2SeO3） 1 mg·L-1(Se1）和5 mg·L-1(Se5），测定根际土壤pH和Eh，水稻籽粒Cd、As、Se、氨基酸的含量以及Se形态等指标，探究Se对水稻生长和重（类）金属吸收的影响。结果表明：与CK处理相比，单独叶面喷施Se和单独根施海泡石处理均在一定程度上对水稻产生了不利影响，同时还一定程度上促进了籽粒中Cd或As的富集。与SP30处理相比，额外添加Se显著增加了株高（Se5SP30处理）、200粒质量（Se5SP30处理）、结实率、籽粒中Cd的含量和部分氨基酸含量，但降低了籽粒中Mg（Se5SP30处理）、Ca、Mn （Se5SP30处理）和Fe的含量。与SP50处理相比，额外添加Se显著降低了茎鲜质量、产量（Se5SP50处理）、籽粒中Mg （Se5SP50处理）、Ca （Se5SP50处理）、Fe、Zn和缬氨酸（VAL）（Se1SP50处理）的含量；增加了结实率（Se5SP50处理）和籽粒中精氨酸、色氨酸的含量，未显著影响籽粒中As和Cd含量。研究表明，全生育期淹水条件，施用Se和海泡石会增加As和Cd在水稻籽粒中富集的风险。因此，在利用Se和海泡石降低水稻籽粒中的As、Cd含量时，需要注意土壤水分的管理。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Selenium（Se） can inhibit the absorption of cadmium（Cd） and arsenic（As） in rice, and combined Se and passivator technologies have been applied in rice soil remediation. However, the risks of Se application with passivators have not been investigated. Using a full flooding condition, this study explored the applicability and risks of Se combined with passivators under rainy weather in the south of China. Either 30 mg·kg-1 or 50 mg·kg-1 sepiolite（SP30 and SP50, respectively）was used as a base fertilizer and 1 mg·L-1 or 5 mg·L-1 Se（Na2SeO3; Se1 and Se5, respectively）as a foliar fertilizer. Indexes were measured for soil rhizosphere（pH and Eh）and rice grain （mainly concentrations of Se speciation, amino acids, cadmium, arsenic, and selenium）. The results showed that compared to the CK treatment, adding Se or sepiolite alone had adverse effects on rice and promoted the enrichment of Cd or As in grains. Compared to treatment with SP30, Se1SP30 and Se5SP30 significantly increased seed setting rate and Cd concentration. Se5SP30 also significantly increased plant height and 200 grain weight. While the rice grain concentration of some amino acids increased with both treatments, a decrease in Ca and Fe was observed with both treatments, and Mg and Mn decreased in Se5SP30. Compared to treatment with SP50, Se1SP50 and Se5SP50 significantly reduced the shoot fresh weight, while treatment with Se5SP50 also reduced shoot yield and increased seed setting rate. Decreased grain concentrations of Fe and Zn were observed for both treatments, Mg and Ca with Se5SP50, and valine with Se1SP50. Increased grain concentrations of arginine and tryptophan were observed with both treatments. The concentrations of As and Cd in grains were not significantly affected with either treatment. The results of this study indicate that the use of Se or sepiolite increase the risk of As and Cd enrichment in rice grains under flooding conditions during the whole growth period. In practice, attention to water management is needed when using Se and sepiolite to remediate As or Cd contaminated soils. |
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