| 褚军杰,马进川,邹平,王强,陈照明,叶静,马军伟.水分管理对水稻灌浆期镉伤流强度和转移的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(6):1219-1227. |
| 水分管理对水稻灌浆期镉伤流强度和转移的影响 |
| Effects of water management on cadmium injury flow intensity and transport during the grain filling stage |
| 投稿时间：2022-10-31 修订日期：2022-12-16 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-1088 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻 灌浆期 水分管理 Cd污染修复 |
| 英文关键词: rice grain filling period water management remediation of cadmium pollution |
| 基金项目:浙江省高层次人才项目（2021R52045）；浙江省重点研发项目（2018C03047）；浙江省自然科学基金项目（LY17D010010） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确水稻关键生育期水分管理对籽粒Cd积累的影响，揭示Cd污染稻田水分管理降低籽粒Cd积累的部分机制，本研究以Cd轻度污染水稻土和甬优538水稻为研究对象，采用盆栽试验，共设3种水分管理模式：分蘖末期至成熟期湿润灌溉（T1），分蘖末期湿润灌溉-灌浆期至成熟期淹水（T2），分蘖末期至成熟期淹水（T3），探究不同水分管理方式下的水稻产量、灌浆期各器官Cd含量、各器官Cd积累量和Cd伤流强度的动态变化情况，分析水稻Cd吸收转移及籽粒Cd积累规律。结果表明： T2处理能显著降低水稻茎、叶、糙米的Cd含量和积累量，该处理水稻茎、叶、糙米Cd含量较T1分别降低51.5%~61.9%、12.8%~53.7%、31.8%~50.1%，第35天收获时，Cd积累量较T1处理分别降低37.4%、28.3%、36.2%。灌浆开始至第21天是籽粒Cd积累的高峰期，该时期T1、T2、T3处理糙米Cd积累贡献率分别为78.0%、77.2%、72.4%。灌浆期开始至第14天是Cd由根系向地上部运输的关键时期且淹水处理Cd伤流强度明显降低。第14天时，T1、T2处理Cd伤流强度分别是第21天的2.60、3.45倍，T2、T3处理较T1处理分别下降68.6%、92.7%。相关性分析表明，水稻籽粒Cd的积累与水稻茎Cd含量密切相关。灌浆期淹水处理水稻茎Cd含量的减少可能是籽粒Cd积累量下降的主要原因之一。淹水管理能实现Cd污染稻田水稻的安全生产，尤其以灌浆期淹水在水资源高效利用方面适应性更强，既符合稻田农事习惯，又减少了水资源的制约。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study aimed to clarify the effect of water management in the critical growth period of rice on the accumulation of cadmium in grains and elucidate part of the mechanism by which water management in cadmium-contaminated paddy fields reduces cadmium accumulation. Slightly cadmium-polluted paddy soils with the Yongyou 538 rice variety planted in them were used as the study system. Further, three water management methods were set up in a pot experiment： moist irrigation from the end of tillering to maturity（T1）, flooding from the filling period to maturity（T2）, flooding from the late stage of tillering to the mature stage（T3）, to explore the dynamic changes in rice yields, the cadmium content in each organ, cadmium accumulation in each organ, and cadmium injury flow intensity under different water management treatments, and the cadmium accumulation in rice grains during key growth periods was analyzed. The results showed that T2 could significantly reduce the content and accumulation of cadmium in rice stems and leaves and brown rice grains. Compared with T1 plants, the cadmium content of rice stems and leaves and brown rice grains in T2 plants decreased by 51.5%-61.9%, 12.8% - 53.7%, 31.8% - 50.1%, respectively. At harvest on the 35th day of grain filling, the accumulation of cadmium in T2 plants decreased by 37.4%, 28.3%, and 36.2%, respectively, compared with T1 plants. From the beginning of grain filling to 21 days is the peak period of grain cadmium accumulation, and the contribution rates of cadmium accumulation in brown rice of T1, T2, and T3 during this period were 78.0%, 77.2%, and 72.4%, respectively. From the beginning of grain filling to 14 days is the critical period for cadmium transport from roots to shoots, and the intensity of cadmium injury flow was significantly reduced under flooding. On the 14th day of grouting, the cadmium injury intensity of T1 and T2 was 2.60 times and 3.45 times that of 21 days, respectively, and that of T2 and T3 decreased by 68.6% and 92.7% compared with T1. Correlation analysis showed that cadmium accumulation in rice grains was closely related to the cadmium content in rice stems. The decrease in cadmium accumulation in submerged stems during the grain filling period results in reduced accumulation of cadmium in grains. Flood management can ensure the safe production of rice in cadmium-contaminated paddy fields, especially during the grain-filling period that is more adaptable to flooding, which is in line with farming practices in paddy fields and reduces the constraints of water resources. |
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