| 郭琳琳,刘盼,王晶晶,谌柄旭.纳米塑料与盐胁迫对菠菜种子和幼苗的毒性效应[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(6):1257-1266. |
| 纳米塑料与盐胁迫对菠菜种子和幼苗的毒性效应 |
| Toxicity of the combination of nanoplastics and salt stress on seeds and seedlings of Spinacia oleracea L. |
| 投稿时间：2022-11-01 修订日期：2022-12-16 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2022-1090 |
| 中文关键词: 纳米塑料 盐胁迫 菠菜 种子萌发 幼苗生长 |
| 英文关键词: nanoplastics salt stress spinach seed germination seedling growth |
| 基金项目:河北省高等学校科学技术研究重点项目（ZD2021401）；沧州市重点研发计划指导项目（213109014） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究纳米塑料与盐胁迫对蔬菜作物的影响，选取菠菜（Spinacia oleracea L.）作为受试植物，研究粒径为100 nm的聚苯乙烯纳米塑料（PSNPs，200、400、800、1 600 mg·L-1）和NaCl （50、100、150、200 mmol·L-1）单一以及二者复合对种子萌发和幼苗生长特性的影响。结果表明：与空白对照组相比，单一PSNPs胁迫（>200 mg·L-1）显著降低菠菜种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数，单一PSNPs胁迫（>400 mg·L-1）还显著抑制菠菜幼苗超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性，显著提高可溶性蛋白的含量，而对过氧化物酶（POD）的活性以及叶绿素含量的影响表现为“低促高抑”的作用规律。与NaCl单独胁迫相比，低浓度（200 mg·L-1）和高浓度（800 mg·L-1）的PSNPs与NaCl复合污染均进一步降低了菠菜种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数，加剧了对种子萌发的抑制作用。相比于NaCl单独胁迫，PSNPs-NaCl复合污染对菠菜幼苗的影响主要表现为不同浓度的PSNPs与NaCl复合会进一步显著降低POD的活性，而提高可溶性蛋白的含量，低浓度（200 mg·L-1） PSNPs与NaCl复合显著抑制SOD的活性，而高浓度（800mg·L-1） PSNPs与NaCl复合显著提高SOD的活性。研究表明，PSNPs对菠菜的种子和幼苗存在明显的毒性效应，并会加剧盐胁迫对菠菜的影响，毒性作用主要涉及种子的萌发、幼苗的可溶性蛋白、叶绿素以及抗氧化系统。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study aimed to understand the impact of nanoplastics and salt stress on vegetable crops. Specifically, we investigated the effects of polystyrene nanoplastics（PSNPs）（200, 400, 800 mg·L-1, and 1 600 mg·L-1）with a particle size of 100 nm and also the combinatorial effect of PSNPs and NaCl（50, 100, 150 mmol·L-1, and 200 mmol·L-1）on the seed germination and seedling growth of spinach（Spinacia oleracea L.）. We noticed that, in comparison to the control, single PSNPs treatments（>200 mg·L-1）significantly reduced the germination rate, vigor, and index of spinach seeds. Further, superoxide dismutase（SOD）activity was decreased, and the soluble protein content was significantly increased under cultivation with PSNPs（>400 mg·L-1）. Moreover, low concentrations of PSNPs promoted peroxidase（POD）activity and increased chlorophyll content, while high PSNPs concentrations also induced an inhibitory effect on POD and chlorophyll. Compared with NaCl alone, treatments with low（200 mg·L-1）or high（800 mg·L-1）concentrations of PSNPs and NaCl （PSNPs+NaCl）reduced germination rate, vigor, and index of spinach seeds, and aggravated the inhibitory effects of NaCl. The combined effects of PSNPs + NaCl pollution on seedlings were as follows： PSNPs + NaCl contamination significantly decreased POD activity and increased soluble protein content. However, 200 mg·L-1 PSNPs+NaCl led to a decline in SOD activity, while 800 mg·L-1 PSNPs+NaCl enhanced it. These results indicate that PSNPs have significant toxic effects on seed germination and seedling growth of spinach and aggravate the impact of salt stress on spinach. Importantly, the toxic effects affect not only seed germination but also soluble protein content, chlorophyll content, and the antioxidant system. |
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